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Sire Lines & "Y" They Matter

acespicoli

acespicoli

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Front. Plant Sci., 24 June 2020
Sec. Plant Systematics and Evolution
Volume 11 - 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00718

Hermaphroditism in Marijuana (Cannabis sativa L.) Inflorescences – Impact on Floral Morphology, Seed Formation, Progeny Sex Ratios, and Genetic Variation​


Spent alot of time researching this subject
Also the evolution from

  • Monoecious
    The term "monoecious" translates to "single house". Monoecious plants have some flowers with stamens and other flowers with pistils.
    TO
  • Dioecious
    The term "dioecious" translates to "double house". Dioecious plants have either only male flowers or only female flowers.
self-fer·tile
/ˌselfˈfərd(ə)l/
adjective
BOTANY

  1. (of a plant) capable of self-fertilization.

In rare cases (two out of 1,000 plants), the entire female inflorescence was displaced by large numbers of clusters of anthers instead of pistils
1735775868690.png

(Figure 3). The factors which trigger this change in phenotype have not been extensively researched.

There is a white paper that discusses that different metal ions can be a sex determining factor
Might take me a while to find it.

I always wondered if they can be reversed how is it not possible to get a XY back from a XX 🤷‍♂️
Considering just feminized seeds ...

Im not doubting any of it just its very rare :thinking: Thanks for sharing :huggg:
 
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acespicoli

acespicoli

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Small, E., Naraine, S.G.U.
Size matters:
evolution of large drug-secreting resin glands in elite pharmaceutical strains of Cannabis sativa (marijuana).

Genet Resour Crop Evol 63, 349–359 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-015-0254-2


Abstract​

Most tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) of Cannabis sativa is located in the resin heads of capitate-stalked glandular trichomes. We found that after harvest the resin heads shrink in diameter in exponential decay fashion under ambient room conditions, losing about 15 % in the first month, rising to 24 % over the first year, 32 % by 50 years, and 34 % after a century. An equation accounting for the asymptotic curve descriptive of the progression of shrinkage was determined [original gland head diameter in microns = observed diameter divided by (0.5255 + 0.4745 multiplied by time in days to the power −0.1185)], so that if the age of a specimen is known, the original diameter of the gland heads in the fresh state can be extrapolated. This equation was employed to compare gland head size in samples of different ages. A sample of high-THC medical marijuana strains marketed under license possessed resin head diameters averaging 129 μm, while a sample of low-THC industrial hemp cultivars possessed gland head diameters averaging 80 μm. The mean volume of the resin heads of the narcotic strains was more than four times larger than that of the industrial hemp strains. This is the first documented report of a consistent morphological separator of elite narcotic strains and non-narcotic plants. Most recognized strains of marijuana were bred clandestinely and illicitly during the last half century. The occurrence of large resin gland heads in a sample of officially marketed pharmaceutical strains is an obvious correlate of selection for higher quantity of resin production.
 
H e d g e

H e d g e

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@acespicoli I’ve found that the older varieties with effects that have been lost from skunk hybrids tend to have smaller resin heads, I consider it a sign of quality/authenticity.

Much of the research in this thread is comparing skunk hybrids to industrial hemp, it would be very interesting to see the same testing performed on something that dna tested as pure landrace.
 
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acespicoli

acespicoli

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H e d g e said:
@acespicoli I’ve found that the older varieties with effects that have been lost from skunk hybrids tend to have smaller resin heads, I consider it a sign of quality/authenticity.

Much of the research in this thread is comparing skunk hybrids to industrial hemp, it would be very interesting to see the same testing performed on something that dna tested as pure landrace.
Click to expand...
This is a small statement but requires a complex approach to fully examine.

Evolution of Basal types and etc... have all the research just not time for details currently

Reference the THCAS VS CBDAS in chemotype inheritance Drug type vs Hemp type
Then touch on trichrome types

Large-scale whole-genome resequencing unravels the domestication history of Cannabis sativa​

SCIENCE ADVANCES
16 Jul 2021 Vol 7, Issue 29 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg2286
Front. Plant Sci., 19 September 2021

Highly Predictive Genetic Markers Distinguish Drug-Type from Fiber-Type Cannabis sativa L​

Plants 2019, 8(11), 496; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8110496

Trichromes
Sec. Plant Metabolism and Chemodiversity
Volume 12 - 2021 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.721986

1735832052617.png



I think you would find alot of diversity in landrace cannabis depending on the soure
Our friend @mudballs talks about why scissor hash bangs :)

Depends on what you like 🤷‍♂️ what is the chemical difference from leaf, stalked and unstalked glands?
Which older strains did you enjoy and what was the effect?
 
acespicoli

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1735832831483.png


Large-scale whole-genome resequencing unravels the domestication history of Cannabis sativa (Science Advances) | Plantae

Throughout history, many cultures have exploited the properties of Cannabis sativa, either as a source of fiber extracts (hemp) or as a medicinal and recreational drug (drug type). It is thought that…
plantae.org


​

1735833066833.png

Front. Plant Sci., 20 December 2018
Sec. Crop and Product Physiology
Volume 9 - 2018 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01876
This article is part of the Research TopicCannabis Genomics, Breeding and ProductionView all 17 articles

Latitudinal Adaptation and Genetic Insights Into the Origins of Cannabis sativa L.​


Twenty-five wild populations represented by 430 individuals were collected from 2011 to 2016.
 
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acespicoli

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A GOOD PLACE to start is with paleoethnobotanists, who study the relationships between people and plants as recorded in the archaeological record. Besides being a fun word to say, paleoethnobotanists have helped uncover the earliest agriculture on the planet, explore genetic modifications in domesticated plants, and unveil thousands of plant species used by human societies in the past that may have been forgotten.
In 2008, archaeologists and a team of other researchers working in the Yanghai Tombs near Turpan, in the Xinjiang-Uighur Autonomous Region in northern China, discovered one of the oldest documented pieces of botanical evidence of humans using cannabis for its pharmacological properties. Paleoethnobotanists identified the cache of nearly two pounds of 2,700-year-old cannabis found in the burial pit of a 45-year-old man who excavators concluded was a shaman from the ancient Indo-European Gūshī culture.
Based on a range of chemical and other analyses, the research team found that members of that society “cultivated cannabis for pharmaceutical, psychoactive, or divinatory practices.” However, they could not determine how the cannabis might have been consumed or administered.
In 2019, archaeologists working in western China announced another major discovery: the oldest known evidence of cannabis smoking by humans. They uncovered 2,500-year-old braziers, vessels designed to create large quantities of smoke, that contained residues of a highly potent form of cannabis—suggesting that the plant was burned and inhaled.
The site, the Jirzankal Cemetery, is located at an elevation of about 10,000 feet, where cannabis is known to grow wild. Some of these varieties might have contained high quantities of the psychoactive compound THC. Paleoethnobotanists continue to study the residues found at Jirzankal for insights into how people may have manipulated cannabis to yield plants with desirable qualities, such as higher THC levels or stronger hemp strands.

Researchers excavated wooden braziers containing cannabis residues (C) from the Jirzankal Cemetery (B, aerial view) in western China. Red dots on the map (A) show the tombs in which the containers were found.
Xinhua Wu/Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
1735834893004.png

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aaw1391
 
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acespicoli

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Sex in Cannabis is governed by heteromorphic chromosomes (Hall et al., 2012). Yet, sex reversal in cannabis involves ethylene and gibberellin signaling (Sarath and Mohan Ram, 1979). It may therefore be that masculinization of the terminal flower in “NB150” was caused by stress or by other ethylene- or gibberellin-related signals.

Further research should examine the genetic regulation of the interplay between flower initiation and branching in the Cannabis inflorescence. Considering that the trichomes are located mainly on vegetative parts of the inflorescence (Andre et al., 2016; Raman et al., 2017), that intense branching leads to internode reduction, and that there is differentiation of a compact inflorescence with numerous bracts, an understanding of the genetic mechanism governing branching and florogenesis will lay the foundation for genetic, biotechnological, and physiological applications to modify architecture and to maximize plant productivity and uniformity in medical Cannabis.

Front. Plant Sci., 01 April 2019
Sec. Crop and Product Physiology
Volume 10 - 2019 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00350
 
acespicoli

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1736569110651.png

Fig. 2 Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of THCA synthase. The amino acid sequences determined from the purified native enzyme are underlined. The putative signal peptide cleavage site is indicated by an arrow. The asterisks indicate potential Asn glycosylation sites. The putative flavin-binding site consensus sequence is boxed.

T1 - The Gene Controlling Marijuana Psychoactivity:
N1 - doi: 10.1074/jbc.M403693200



20 strains found​

Sort by Name Grower Accession Date THC + THCA % CBD + CBDA % Reverse sort order

  1. Red Eye OG​

    CCLV
    Jun 26, 2019
    THC + THCA: 56.4%
    CBD + CBDA: 28.29%

  2. Blue Dream​

    CW NV Cultivators
    Sep 17, 2017
    THC + THCA: 25.333%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.112%

  3. Snoops Dream​

    Avitas
    Sep 17, 2017
    THC + THCA: 20.4%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.09%

  4. Snoops Dream​

    Avitas
    Nov 19, 2017
    THC + THCA: 20.4%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.09%

  5. Blue Dream​

    CW NV Cultivators
    Sep 17, 2017
    THC + THCA: 26.64%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.083%

  6. Mothers Milk #5​

    Slater Center
    Jun 26, 2019
    THC + THCA: 30.59%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.08%

  7. Blue Dream​

    Silver Sage Wellness
    Sep 17, 2017
    THC + THCA: 22.734%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.074%

  8. Headcheese​

    Polaris Wellness Center
    Jun 26, 2019
    THC + THCA: 31.973%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.071%

  9. Chem 91​

    Slater Center
    Jun 26, 2019
    THC + THCA: 23.61%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.07%

  10. Golden Goat 2​

    DigiPath Labs
    Aug 27, 2017
    THC + THCA: 25.7%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.064%

  11. Skywalker OG​

    THC Design
    Mar 28, 2017
    THC + THCA: 25.06%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.0633289%

  12. Durban Poison #1​

    DigiPath Labs
    Aug 28, 2017
    THC + THCA: 24.9%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.056%

  13. Durban Poison #1​

    DigiPath Labs
    Sep 17, 2017
    THC + THCA: 24.9%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.056%

  14. Durban Poison​

    DigiPath Labs
    Sep 17, 2017
    THC + THCA: 25.7%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.052%

  15. Blue Dream​

    QualCan
    Sep 17, 2017
    THC + THCA: 28.273%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.046%

  16. Miss X​

    DigiPath Labs
    Aug 28, 2017
    THC + THCA: 27%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.038%

  17. Kimbo Slice​

    DigiPath Labs
    Aug 28, 2017
    THC + THCA: 23.1%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.037%

  18. Durban Poison​

    DigiPath Labs
    Aug 28, 2017
    THC + THCA: 23.3%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.035%

  19. Blue Dream​

    Flora Vega
    Sep 17, 2017
    THC + THCA: 21.369%
    CBD + CBDA: 0.03%

  20. Blueberry Cheesecake​

    Practical Possiblities
    Feb 20, 2017
    THC + THCA: 25.5%
 
acespicoli

acespicoli

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Most Heterozygous
Toggleinformation about this plot
The ratio of reads mapped to Y-contigs to reads mapped to the whole Cannabis genome (Y-ratios) has been demonstrated to be strongly correlated with plant sex typing. This plot shows the distribution of Y-ratios for all samples in our database which were sequenced with the same method (panel or WGS) as this sample and where this sample falls in the distribution.
Y-Ratio Distribution: 0.0574
srr14708264-gender-y-ratio.png

male female SRR14708264
Toggleinformation about this plot
This chart represents the Illumina sequence coverage over the Bt/Bd allele. These are the three regions in the cannabis genome that impact THCA, CBDA, CBGA production. Coverage over the Active CBDAS gene is highly correlated with Type II and Type III plants as described by Etienne de Meijer. Coverage over the THCA gene is highly correlated with Type I and Type II plants but is anti-correlated with Type III plants. Type I plants require coverage over the inactive CBDA loci and no coverage over the Active CBDA gene. Lack of coverage over the Active CBDA and Active THCA allele are presumed to be Type IV plants (CBGA dominant). While deletions of entire THCAS and CBDAS genes are the most common Bt:Bd alleles observed, it is possible to have plants with these genes where functional expression of the enzyme is disrupted by deactivating point mutations (Kojoma et al. 2006).
Bt/Bd Allele Coverage
srr14708264-gene-depth-active-cbdas.png

srr14708264-gene-depth-active-thcas.png

srr14708264-gene-depth-inactive-cbdas.png

Toggleinformation about this plot
This chart represents the Illumina sequence coverage over the CBCA synthase gene.
srr14708264-gene-depth-cbcas.png
CBCAS Coverage

Variants (THCAS, CBDAS, and CBCAS)​

No variants to report

Variants (Select Genes of Interest)​

GENEHGVS.CHGVS.PANNOTATIONANNOTATION IMPACTCONTIGCONTIG POSREF/ALTVAR FREQ
GPPs1
UniProt		c.845_848delAAAGp.Glu282fsframeshift varianthighcontig676169629
IGV: Start, Jump		TGAAA/TNGS: 0.118
C90: 0.000
PHL-2c.44G>Ap.Arg15Lysmissense variantmoderatecontig2621337613
IGV: Start, Jump		G/ANGS: 0.015
C90: 0.167
PHL-2c.932T>Cp.Leu311Promissense variantmoderatecontig2621340210
IGV: Start, Jump		T/CNGS: 0.039
C90: 0.268
PHL-2c.1057A>Gp.Arg353Glymissense variantmoderatecontig2621340335
IGV: Start, Jump		A/GNGS: 0.096
C90: 0.555
PHL-2c.2564T>Ap.Phe855Tyrmissense variantmoderatecontig2621342607
IGV: Start, Jump		T/ANGS: 0.064
C90: 0.732
PHL-2c.2578T>Ap.Leu860Ilemissense variantmoderatecontig2621342621
IGV: Start, Jump		T/ANGS: 0.068
C90: 0.746
PHL-2c.2582C>Gp.Pro861Argmissense variantmoderatecontig2621342625
IGV: Start, Jump		C/GNGS: 0.002
C90: 0.000
PHL-2c.2624C>Tp.Ser875Phemissense variantmoderatecontig2621342667
IGV: Start, Jump		C/TNGS: 0.042
C90: 0.268
PHL-2c.2783G>Ap.Ser928Asnmissense variantmoderatecontig2621342826
IGV: Start, Jump		G/ANGS: 0.107
C90: 0.890
PHL-2c.2830A>Cp.Asn944Hismissense variantmoderatecontig2621342873
IGV: Start, Jump		A/CNGS: 0.044
C90: 0.000

Haze | Kannapedia

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acespicoli

acespicoli

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Jamaican Lion | Kannapedia

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Jamaican Lion​

breed by Unknown or Legendary
Here you can find all info about Jamaican Lion from Unknown or Legendary. If you are searching for information about Jamaican Lion from Unknown or Legendary, check out our: Basic infos, Gallery, Degustation, Awards, Strain Reviews, Direct Comparisons, Lineage / Genealogy, Hybrids / Crossbreeds, User comments, for this cannabis variety here at this page and follow the links to get even more information. If you have any personal experiences with growing or consuming this cannabis variety, please use the upload links to add them to the database!

Basic infos​

Jamaican Lion is an mostly sativa from Unknown or Legendary and can be cultivated indoors and outdoors (Where the plants will need a flowering time of ±63 days) Unknown or Legendary's Jamaican Lion is Same amount of THC and CBD is/was never available as feminized seeds.

Unknown or Legendary Description​

Jamaican Lion is a high-CBD sativa strain with mildly psychoactive effects that stimulate creativity and focus without the loss of functionality. Its rich genetic background combines Mountain Lion -- a Rock Bud and Lionheart cross -- with a Jamaican sativa known as Yarders. Shadrock, Jamaican Lion’s creator, first brought the strain to California in 2007, where it was distributed to patients by Harborside. Ushered in by a sweet herbal aroma, Jamaican Lion induces mild psychoactivity that carries through despite its low THC content. Sensory perception sharpens as bad moods dull in clear-headed sensations that can be described as simultaneously uplifting and calming. Few strains compare to Jamaican Lion as it eases pain, anxiety, and inflammation without intoxication or mental cloudiness. Its CBD content is highest around week 9 of flowering, but if you’re looking for more of a 1:1 ratio of CBD and THC, Shadrock recommends harvesting at week 8 instead.

Jamaica - Sativa is an sativa from Original Strains and can be cultivated outdoors Original Strains's
 
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