No Big Bang? Quantum equation predicts universe has no beginning

[trichrider]

https://public.nrao.edu/images/non-gallery/2015/d-finley/03-10-A2256/A2256.jpg

IMAGE RELEASE: Mysterious Phenomena in a Gigantic Galaxy-Cluster Collision

Researchers using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) have produced the most detailed image yet of a fascinating region where clusters of hundreds of galaxies are colliding, creating a rich variety of mysterious phenomena visible only to radio telescopes.

The scientists took advantage of new VLA capabilities to make a "true color" radio image. This image shows the region as it would appear if human eyes were sensitive to radio waves instead of light waves. In this image, red shows where longer radio waves predominate, and blue shows where shorter radio waves predominate, following the pattern we see in visible light.

The image shows a number of strange features the astronomers think are related to an ongoing collision of galaxy clusters. The region is called Abell 2256, and is about 800 million light-years from Earth and some 4 million light-years across. The image covers an area in the sky almost as large as the full moon. Studied by astronomers for more than half a century with telescopes ranging from radio to X-ray, Abell 2256 contains a fascinating variety of objects, many of whose exact origins remain unclear.

With monikers such as "Large Relic," "Halo," and "Long Tail," the features in this region are seen in greater fidelity than ever before, said Frazer Owen, of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO). "The image reveals details of the interactions between the two merging clusters and suggests that previously unexpected physical processes are at work in such encounters," he said.

Owen worked with Lawrence Rudnick of the University of Minnesota; Jean Eilek of New Mexico Tech; and Urvashi Rau, Sanjay Bhatnagar, and Leonid Kogan of NRAO. The researchers presented their results in the Astrophysical Journal.

The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation, operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.

https://public.nrao.edu/news/pressreleases/galaxy-cluster-collision

 

[mr.brunch]

Scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy (Bonn, Germany), Cornell University (USA), and the University of Cologne (Germany) have for the first time detected a carbon-bearing molecule with a "branched" structure in interstellar space. The molecule, iso-propyl cyanide (i-C3H7CN), was discovered in a giant gas cloud called Sagittarius B2, a region of ongoing star formation close to the center of our galaxy that is a hot-spot for molecule-hunting astronomers. The branched structure of the carbon atoms within the iso-propyl cyanide molecule is unlike the straight-chain carbon backbone of other molecules that have been detected so far, including its sister molecule normal-propyl cyanide. The discovery of iso-propyl cyanide opens a new frontier in the complexity of molecules found in regions of star formation, and bodes well for the presence of amino acids, for which this branched structure is a key characteristic. The results are published in this week's issue of Science.

While various types of molecules have been detected in space, the kind of hydrogen-rich, carbon-bearing (organic) molecules that are most closely related to the ones necessary for life on Earth appear to be most plentiful in the gas clouds from which new stars are being formed. "Understanding the production of organic material at the early stages of star formation is critical to piecing together the gradual progression from simple molecules to potentially life-bearing chemistry," says Arnaud Belloche from the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, the lead author of the paper.
The search for molecules in interstellar space began in the 1960's, and around 180 different molecular species have been discovered so far. Each type of molecule emits light at particular wavelengths, in its own characteristic pattern, or spectrum, acting like a fingerprint that allows it to be detected in space using radio telescopes.
Until now, the organic molecules discovered in star-forming regions have shared one major structural characteristic: they each consist of a "backbone" of carbon atoms that are arranged in a single and more or less straight chain. The new molecule discovered by the team, iso-propyl cyanide, is unique in that its underlying carbon structure branches off in a separate strand. "This is the first ever interstellar detection of a molecule with a branched carbon backbone," says Holger Müller, a spectroscopist at the University of Cologne and co-author on the paper, who measured the spectral fingerprint of the molecule in the laboratory, allowing it to be detected in space.
But it is not just the structure of the molecule that surprised the team -- it is also plentiful, at almost half the abundance of its straight-chain sister molecule, normal-propyl cyanide (n-C3H7CN), which the team had already detected using the single-dish radio telescope of the Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) a few years ago. "The enormous abundance of iso-propyl cyanide suggests that branched molecules may in fact be the rule, rather than the exception, in the interstellar medium," says Robin Garrod, an astrochemist at Cornell University and a co-author of the paper.
The team used the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), in Chile, to probe the molecular content of the star-forming region Sagittarius B2 (Sgr B2). This region is located close to the Galactic Center, at a distance of about 27,000 light years from the Sun, and is uniquely rich in emission from complex interstellar organic molecules. "Thanks to the new capabilities offered by ALMA, we were able to perform a full spectral survey toward Sgr B2 at wavelengths between 2.7 and 3.6 mm, with sensitivity and spatial resolution ten times greater than our previous survey," explains Belloche. "But this took only a tenth of the time." The team used this spectral survey to search systematically for the fingerprints of new interstellar molecules. "By employing predictions from the Cologne Database for Molecular Spectroscopy, we could identify emission features from both varieties of propyl cyanide," says Müller. As many as 50 individual features for i-propyl cyanide and even 120 for n-propyl cyanide were unambiguously identified in the ALMA spectrum of Sgr B2. The two molecules, each consisting of 12 atoms, are also the joint-largest molecules yet detected in any star-forming region.
The team constructed computational models that simulate the chemistry of formation of the molecules detected in Sgr B2. In common with many other complex organics, both forms of propyl cyanide were found to be efficiently formed on the surfaces of interstellar dust grains. "But," says Garrod, "the models indicate that for molecules large enough to produce branched side-chain structure, these may be the prevalent forms. The detection of the next member of the alkyl cyanide series, n-butyl cyanide (n-C4H9CN), and its three branched isomers would allow us to test this idea."
"Amino acids identified in meteorites have a composition that suggests they originate in the interstellar medium," adds Belloche. "Although no interstellar amino acids have yet been found, interstellar chemistry may be responsible for the production of a wide range of important complex molecules that eventually find their way to planetary surfaces."
"The detection of iso-propyl cyanide tells us that amino acids could indeed be present in the interstellar medium because the side-chain structure is a key characteristic of these molecules," says Karl Menten, director at MPIfR and head of its Millimeter and Submillimeter Astronomy research department. "Amino acids have already been identified in meteorites and we hope to detect them in the interstellar medium in the future," he concludes.
Story Source:
The above story is based on materials provided by Max-Planck-Gesellschaft. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.

 

[RetroGrow]

We ARE stardust. Crosby, Stills & Nash had it right.
No gods necessary.
Interesting discovery.

 

[LEF]

Retrogrow, to me it seems that you defend/preach your atheism like its a religion/cult for you.

In that sense you would be no better than the religious folk you speak against.

I do appreciate you sharing your thoughts and beliefs btw. Im all for civil discussion.

 

[mr.brunch]

At least the guy has some proof on his side tho ... And I have yet to see any babel fish.

 

[genedigger]

most atheists attack religion and more specifically god.that screams that there agenda is fucked,and that yes it is its own religion in its own right.the god becomes the individual and everything around that person becomes inferior to the god.this is why this theory is dangerous.it creates these cocky humans that think there the hightest evolved life form on earth and everything is under them.if you really care about your world you would start at the bottom and work up.evolution puts humans 1st and the best and at the top.we are not the best.our species is by definition a virus.i think i read in the bible that jesus washed the feet of his hombres at dinner.thats what im talkin about,atheists have a me 1st attitude and this thread proves it.the way they bash and just flat out dis religion and claim evolution is right without bringing enough facts to the table.heres a clue.prove evolution in every species 1st before you say its fact.show evidence of every species on earth and what other species they evolved from.i dont want to hear thje man and monkey bullshit because there is so much more life on this planet that evolution needs to consider and prove that all those other life forms also evolved.explain insects monkeys and cows to me show me how they all link together before you make claims that it all evolved.

 

[mr.brunch]

if I suddenly start telling everyone that the moon is made of cheese, then people would rightly start to question my belief.... So does this mean that I can then say " everyone is attacking my belief, it's not fair" .... No. Course it don't.
Even though I have children's stories and rhymes to present as my evidence.

Everyone has the right to believe whatever they want, but if they start speaking of these beliefs as fact, then surely you would expect people to question them?
So, therefore it's not really fair to say " you are attacking me" when this happens.

DNA proves that we all evolved from a common source a very long time ago... That's evidence, not some writings from some people who went off into the desert, didn't eat for weeks , probably drank water squeezed from the local plants (!) and had visions.
I bet they had some great trips, but these days we can probably guess what caused those.

 

[mr.brunch]

From smithsonian website

DNA

Through news accounts and crime stories, we’re all familiar with the fact that the DNA in our cells reflects each individual’s unique identity and how closely related we are to one another. The same is true for the relationships among organisms. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the molecule that makes up an organism’s genome in the nucleus of every cell. It consists of genes, which are the molecular codes for proteins – the building blocks of our tissues and their functions. It also consists of the molecular codes that regulate the output of genes – that is, the timing and degree of protein-making. DNA shapes how an organism grows up and the physiology of its blood, bone, and brains.

DNA is thus especially important in the study of evolution. The amount of difference in DNA is a test of the difference between one species and another – and thus how closely or distantly related they are.

While the genetic difference between individual humans today is minuscule – about 0.1%, on average – study of the same aspects of the chimpanzee genome indicates a difference of about 1.2%. The bonobo (Pan paniscus), which is the close cousin of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), differs from humans to the same degree. The DNA difference with gorillas, another of the African apes, is about 1.6%. Most importantly, chimpanzees, bonobos, and humans all show this same amount of difference from gorillas. A difference of 3.1% distinguishes us and the African apes from the Asian great ape, the orangutan. How do the monkeys stack up? All of the great apes and humans differ from rhesus monkeys, for example, by about 7% in their DNA.

Geneticists have come up with a variety of ways of calculating the percentages, which give different impressions about how similar chimpanzees and humans are. The 1.2% chimp-human distinction, for example, involves a measurement of only substitutions in the base building blocks of those genes that chimpanzees and humans share. A comparison of the entire genome, however, indicates that segments of DNA have also been deleted, duplicated over and over, or inserted from one part of the genome into another. When these differences are counted, there is an additional 4 to 5% distinction between the human and chimpanzee genomes.

No matter how the calculation is done, the big point still holds: humans, chimpanzees, and bonobos are more closely related to one another than either is to gorillas or any other primate. From the perspective of this powerful test of biological kinship, humans are not only related to the great apes – we are one. The DNA evidence leaves us with one of the greatest surprises in biology: the wall between human, on the one hand, and ape or animal, on the other, has been breached. The human evolutionary tree is embedded within the great apes.

The strong similarities between humans and the African great apes led Charles Darwin in 1871 to predict that Africa was the likely place where the human lineage branched off from other animals – that is, the place where the common ancestor of chimpanzees, humans, and gorillas once lived. The DNA evidence shows an amazing confirmation of this daring prediction. The African great apes, including humans, have a closer kinship bond with one another than the African apes have with orangutans or other primates. Hardly ever has a scientific prediction so bold, so ‘out there’ for its time, been upheld as the one made in 1871 – that human evolution began in Africa.

The DNA evidence informs this conclusion, and the fossils do, too. Even though Europe and Asia were scoured for early human fossils long before Africa was even thought of, ongoing fossil discoveries confirm that the first 4 million years or so of human evolutionary history took place exclusively on the African continent. It is there that the search continues for fossils at or near the branching point of the chimpanzee and human lineages from our last common ancestor.



Primate Family Tree

Due to billions of years of evolution, humans share genes with all living organisms. The percentage of genes or DNA that organisms share records their similarities. We share more genes with organisms that are more closely related to us.

Humans belong to the biological group known as Primates, and are classified with the great apes, one of the major groups of the primate evolutionary tree. Besides similarities in anatomy and behavior, our close biological kinship with other primate species is indicated by DNA evidence. It confirms that our closest living biological relatives are chimpanzees and bonobos, with whom we share many traits. But we did not evolve directly from any primates living today.

DNA also shows that our species and chimpanzees diverged from a common ancestor species that lived between 8 and 6 million years ago. The last common ancestor of monkeys and apes lived about 25 million years ago.

Primate Family Tree
African woman sitting cross legged in front of world map with timeline indicator
One Species, Living Worldwide
The amazing story of adaptation and survival in our species, Homo sapiens, is written in the language of our genes, in every cell of our bodies—as well as in the fossil and behavioral evidence. Explore the African origins of modern humans about 200,000 years ago and celebrate our species’ epic journey around the world in this video: “One Species, Living Worldwide".

 

[genedigger]

prove evolution without a doubt.if something did create us it would have created us all similiar anyway.if a contractor builds houses for a living he prob uses the same material most of the time to build all those houses.the same goes for a creation theory.if a creator is out there he would have used what was available to make life so we all would be similiar.that idea could work for either theory.its bigger than some dna strand anyway.prove how a cow came from an ape or where insects came from?how come we dont see it happening still there is enough recorded history for someone somewhere to say hey were evolving.im not saying what i believe in or bashing anyones belief.

 

[armedoldhippy]

actually, DNA proves that many of us are hybrids of Neanderthal man & what passes for modern man. latest results that i have seen show that most people have between 2% & 5% DNA passed down from cross-breeding between the two species from around 30,000 to 40,000 years ago. the Neanderthal people did not die out, they were in effect "assimilated" by more modern humans as they moved into western Europe. this also explains some of the guys you see playing in the NFL...

 

[Weird]

you guys are funny the God of Judaism = Cosmos as confirmed by the NASA space probe.

Your cosmological beliefs as atheists are parallel to the Judaic view of God.

God is not the concept of a main in the sky but that the Cosmos itself is God.

None of our views of reality are mutually exclusive since we are part of a reality that exists outside of us individually, that is we are part of the universe, not the other way around.

 

[trichrider]

2 energetically equal motes of dust encounter each others magnetic propensity and begin to spin. spin creates a vortex which condenses into mass.

coriolus effect (fractal form) induces multiple vortex' and the universe expands and self propagates.

the age of the universe cannot be known. stars are born and stars die, eliminating evidence of age. astrophysicists judge age by color of heat, impossible to age a star after it's demise, but there are electric/magnetic fields remaining which they do detect.

eternity goes both directions. at present it would take an eternity (in our minds) to travel to the nearest star, which by the time we arrived might well be gone... we might then muse that it was all illusion and nothing was ever there.

endless possibilities, imagination, creation...pale horse we ride...

 

[mr.brunch]

The point of being an atheist (for me,at least) is that I have no real "beliefs" as such.... I will question everything until we have enough evidence.
That's why I was drawn to this thread as I am not totally sure of the Big Bang, the estimated age of the universe and many other things.... If that is a belief system, then fair enough, but I have always felt compelled to find things out rather than accept things at face value.

 

[RetroGrow]

prove evolution without a doubt.

It's already been proven, except to creationist half wits.
Prove your creation myth.
Oh, that's right!
You can't prove a fantasy.

 

[genedigger]

im not trying to prove creation.i dont like evolution.its never made sense since the 1st time i heard it in school.prove it in every species put the whole picture together its not there.your eyes are apparently shut to other dimensions

 

[Weird]

The point of being an atheist (for me,at least) is that I have no real "beliefs" as such.... I will question everything until we have enough evidence.
That's why I was drawn to this thread as I am not totally sure of the Big Bang, the estimated age of the universe and many other things.... If that is a belief system, then fair enough, but I have always felt compelled to find things out rather than accept things at face value.

Atheism is a concrete conclusion, and has no inclusion for humanity.

It is simply a counter argument to religion with no purpose outside that opposition.

The animals we evolved from don't seem to practice religion, how come it was part of our evolutionary process? How about the fact it is expressed throughout many gene pools?

Our belief that something lay beyond our perception (supernatural) is not only real but accurate.

What lay beyond is slowly being actualized by science but as it is, religion has not been conclusively contradicted.

The reason is because both science and religion describe the same thing but from a different lens, one is that the "unseen" exist by proxy of causation (human nature for example) and that it is actualized and measured by the sciences.

There is more than one shift of the lens as well that confuses people. Religions tend to look at the macrocosm of something and science are very granular.

Take human nature, the cause and effect of which basis for all religions. It looks at the totality of our nature in correlation to the universe around us.

Science does not regard human nature and cosmology in one blended view. In fact cosmology does not involve biology, and biology does not involve psychology but they influence us none the less.

Science categories and dissects portions of our world and builds upon information it proves to be constant and relative.

It is not meant to be a belief system, and while I agree people misinterpret or manipulate religion to a fault, it does discount or outweigh the good it brings about.

If humanity is to advance as our genetic potential would dictate we need to allow our beliefs to evolve as does the universe.

That is why being pragmatic about it is so important.

When I was growing up I looked around at the people around me that were successful and had full, healthy lives and I asked what the common denominator was.

It was they did not question their own beliefs, and they all held some sort of formal or informal "the whole is greater than the sum of the parts mentality"

That is, it is part of our nature (it happens to be a psychological hardwire for the majority of the population) to want to be a player in the game of humanity.

IMHO/E most of the people here are hardwired to deviate.

That is why I am always saying ego this or ego that, because our environment forces only so many phenotype expressions among us and as you get older you start to recognize them.

Just living programs us as it did Pavlov's dog, and to see past that programing you have to be willing to look at things through the differing lens of the humanity we share this earth with.

"wake and and find out that you are the eyes of the world"

My life has been far far richer because I embraced all forms of how we perceive and celebrate life.

There is pragmatic value to all the religions somewhere.

"once in a while it will show you the light, in the strangest places if you look at it right"

 

[DrFever]

im not trying to prove creation.i dont like evolution.its never made sense since the 1st time i heard it in school.prove it in every species put the whole picture together its not there.your eyes are apparently shut to other dimensions

Thinking in fantasy land Gene ?? were living in this dimension there are no other dimensions out there you live your thoughts are in your mind the day you die 10 - 15 mins after your heart stops your brain will struggle for 02 and as your light goes out so will your memories that is racing in your mind
and once its blacked out that is it
there is no Heaven or hell again that is what your religion made up to scare people
and this is why in the near future christianity or your god will cease to exist as science is coming ever so closer to understanding how all this was made or how it works
if anything Christianity is scared shitless with the probes reaching the outter limits of our galaxy who knows maybe one day soon another species will arrive and show us how it all started being they will be millions of years ahead of us

 

[noyd666]

I see the light, I believe its a GAVITA .

 

[DrFever]

I see the light, I believe its a GAVITA .

I have seen the light and starting to believe in Nanolux

 

[LEF]

I dunno how christianity can be scared, its a religion not a living organism, right ?