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They found Shiva’s dream home in Serbia

8,000-year-old dwelling found in Serbia belonged to Europe’s first sedentary farmers​

by Dario Radley
October 23, 2024


A team of Austrian and Serbian archaeologists, led by the Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW), has unearthed an 8,000-year-old rectangular dwelling in Svinjarička Čuka, an area associated with the Starčevo culture, one of Europe’s earliest farming societies.
8,000-year-old dwelling found in Serbia belonged to Europe's first sedentary farmers The excavation sections after completion of the excavations in 2024 on the river terrace of Svinjarička Čuka, Serbia. Credit: M. Börner / ÖAI / ÖAW
The Starčevo culture, which thrived between 6200 and 4500 BCE, is part of the larger Starčevo-Körös-Criş cultural complex and played a pivotal role in the spread of agriculture from Anatolia to Europe. The discovery challenges long-standing theories about the early settlers of Europe, previously thought to have lived nomadic or semi-nomadic lifestyles.
“The discoveries at Svinjarička Čuka provide groundbreaking insights that challenge previous models on settlement development in the Balkans,” said Barbara Horejs, archaeologist and scientific director of the Austrian Archaeological Institute at the ÖAW. Previous assumptions that these early groups were nomadic or seasonally sedentary were based on the widespread presence of pits thought to represent temporary shelters. However, this new discovery suggests otherwise.
8,000-year-old dwelling found in Serbia belonged to Europe's first sedentary farmers The Svinjarička Čuka site during the 2024 excavations. Credit: M. Börner / ÖAI / ÖAW
The dwelling, constructed from wickerwork reinforced with wooden posts, was exceptionally well-preserved due to a fire. The partially collapsed and burned elements of the structure revealed overlapping floors, tools, and scattered vessels, both inside the house and in the outdoor area. More importantly, designated areas for food storage, such as grain and seeds, were found, indicating that these early farming communities were not merely transient but had developed a stable, sedentary lifestyle.
8,000-year-old dwelling found in Serbia belonged to Europe's first sedentary farmers Burnt remains of a house of Neolithic pioneers around 8000 years ago in Svinjarička Čuka. Credit: F. Ostmann / ÖAI / ÖAW
“Instead of small, nomadic groups or only seasonally settled communities, the Neolithic pioneers in the Balkans built stable houses with provisions for food storage,” Horejs added. This suggests a more permanent, agrarian society than previously thought, with advanced systems for grain storage and food supplies, integral to their survival and development.
 
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