What's new
  • ICMag with help from Landrace Warden and The Vault is running a NEW contest in November! You can check it here. Prizes are seeds & forum premium access. Come join in!

MASSIVE OUTDOOR GROW

Status
Not open for further replies.

Julian

Canna Consultant
ICMag Donor
Veteran
I've got a quick Cali med reg question:
1.Does a caregiver have to produce in the same county as the patients/scriptholders? (ie: Could one have patients in say, 4 different counties and produce the medicine in a 5th...say, SoCal patients, NorCal production/site?)

2. Bonus question: What is the safest county in Cali? (free of interference from law enforcement with lower numbers)

3. Extra question: What kind of range ($) to have wells done?

Specifics: Have become immersed (and amazed) in land there, and have been thinking some are far too nice (and cheap) to pass up (parcels, raw land)........think I have an interest in some......for retirement, building home :smoke:......shame to let it sit vacant for next 10 years :smoke:......so questions above relate to serious trees, minimal numbers (whatever is "safe"....24?.....18?.....30?......well done, and someone to babysit between visits and perform maintenance....)

Can channel question different direction if people unsure....Appreciate any feedback.

Note: To anyone able (almost anywhere actually)....now is the time for land purchases.....could go lower in future, but right now, so many areas, in so many places at very attractive levels...(I routinely check many areas throughout nation for values........Cali I stopped moving on, stuck with it and stayed evaluating entire state top to bottom (land only)...Values from what I see too hard to pass up......(but applies to almost any region right now.....N,E,S,W,etc....)
 

GroBoy2000

Member
Yeah, see, I do work, legit jobs, actually, have for the last years usually pulled 20k give or take 2 or 3. I don't do much, that's for sure, but I get around some.

I feel like I'm getting closer always, (getting my shit together, finances orderly and such) but still, looking back, it seems awfully damn slow too. lol, guess nothing can change if nothing changes, but if anything my perspective changes daily, last 4-6 months, deeper insights, and closer to some career goals, clearing some out anyway.

But back to the mj, its mostly financial, previous grows always seemed to struggle at some point left me wanting $20 here or there. The paranoia, the headache of running and maintaining isnt that bothersome, enjoyable alright. It's just getting money together, month or two, waiting on seeds, month, and going in, I never feel like I'm gonna be stable in one place for 4-6 months, lol. But still leaves one hoping for the right money to roll up, and the right time, to watch green sticky grow.

I do other things, and on the brink with a lot of them feel like, just need that 10-15k financial kick. And i got all the equipment and staging for gaining just such in 6-9 months. I just got a loss of action, on all fronts. I could drool and conceive forever, but can't find my fire to go and go for shit. I go and stop. I know others who have read the thread feel similar at some time, at least I'm pretty sure I'm not the only one who thought to themselves 'I'm gonna plant 500' and didn't do it for this or that reason. A thousand reasons, all excuses probably. Reason our way out, but it's a pita I mean. I want to do it, just need to go and do, maybe will, but mostly lies on the account of not bringing in enough, not doing enough, to get much of anything going. Anxieties and doubts have built, need to just get at it I know. Ass in gear.


Anyway, I don't necessarily come to contribute, just take a little here and there. Like to say some kind of appreciation, And let others know whats up on my side. Nothing much, a grim guy who's lost confidence in himself, but I'm pretty sure I ain't the only one. If I can get something meaningful I'm good, more mind food, reflection props. I got my eyes on the Mango Haze, hate to start with bagseed. Got some killer shit though, one-two hit high, but no clue how long that shit might try to run for, could do straight 12/12, might finish.

Even a little xtra $200 too hard to come by, see what I mean, hard to roll, go in , hard to say ok, when know that even an extra $100 might take a month to get. I don't steal nothing, and I'm just not into selling schwag, been there, hasnt every smoker? Now I'm on the 'it sucks being poor' ship.

(And yeah, seeing that some might get 4-6 lbs off one 400 in a year, i know guys who pay between 46-5500 regularly for good shit, that doubles what I make, pays a years tuition, rents business facility, etc. Just need to learn how to be the big R word... responsible) Thanks again, cyall.

Happy buds to all.

Edit: Rereading my post helps me clear things up a little. I honestly don't have much business posting if I can't turn the lights on. I'm just being a kid about shit, I want the top shelf shit NOW. $150 beans with $200 light mover would take half a crop to come by, when I could just run a jock horror/papaya deal alone, and jump up from there, take the best clones and see whats in it for me. Too much BS so far, me BSing myself, like anyone, or thing else, is gonna give me what I want.
 

antimatter

Active member
Veteran
Groboy your not all that bad off you sound like everything is going just fine, and those prices are insane you must be in the states somewhere with some crazy laws so any doubts your having are 100% understandable. I only can only get $2200-2400 max for indoor and $1600-1800 outdoor but no jailtime. I get stupid paranoia for no reason especially if I smoke, gotta work on that lol.
 

stiflersmom

New member
Yo Julian:

Great thread man. If you want the most lax laws the answer is Santa Cruz County, no doubt. No numbers involved just canopy dimensions: 10 x 10 or 100 sq feet per script. Get 3-4 scripts, things are looking up. Just stay away from the city of Santa Cruz and head for the hills. Powdery Mildew will take down an entire crop in SC.

Peace,
Stifler
 

blackone

Active member
Veteran
Yo Julian:

Great thread man. If you want the most lax laws the answer is Santa Cruz County, no doubt. No numbers involved just canopy dimensions: 10 x 10 or 100 sq feet per script. Get 3-4 scripts, things are looking up. Just stay away from the city of Santa Cruz and head for the hills. Powdery Mildew will take down an entire crop in SC.

Peace,
Stifler
Ouch... 10X10 could easily have you smoking 50+ grams/day:) I go through 30-40 grams of tobacco in 3 days and I smoke too many cigs.
I don't know anybody who can do that, hehe. Might know a couple who could smoke 5 grams of bubblehash though;p

Back to "what you can when you can" I think this picture kinda illustrates it:)
Been planting in other spots since early June - this spot I started early July, then planted some more mid July and again start of August. Even more went out through August although I don't know if those will finish. Last plants were in fact put out 2 days ago.
Still - even if the buds of the very last minis I put out will only look like day 30-40 indoor buds it will still be worth the time I put into getting them out!
picture.php


Had I known back then what I know now, hehe, I should have started putting stuff out in late April and I would have had some real trees out there also but I never got around to it...

I just got a loss of action, on all fronts. I could drool and conceive forever, but can't find my fire to go and go for shit. I go and stop. I know others who have read the thread feel similar at some time, at least I'm pretty sure I'm not the only one who thought to themselves 'I'm gonna plant 500' and didn't do it for this or that reason. A thousand reasons, all excuses probably. Reason our way out, but it's a pita I mean. I want to do it, just need to go and do, maybe will, but mostly lies on the account of not bringing in enough, not doing enough, to get much of anything going. Anxieties and doubts have built, need to just get at it I know.

Yeah that's what I'm talking about - I'm right with you:) Procrastination sucks but you know what? Guilt sucks worse so a good way to work with procrastination is simply: Don't let it get you down!
If you're anything like me then you'll have periods of low energy levels and periods with higher energy levels. Guilt stemming from not getting enough done in low energy periods eats away at your energy - prolonging the low energy period.
Fight guilt first - screw the fact that you didn't do what you could yesterday - it's yesterday man and if you can feel a high energy day -just a little bit of motivation - then grab it man.
 

GroBoy2000

Member
blackone said:
I'm right with you Procrastination sucks but you know what? Guilt sucks worse so a good way to work with procrastination is simply: Don't let it get you down!
If you're anything like me then you'll have periods of low energy levels and periods with higher energy levels. Guilt stemming from not getting enough done in low energy periods eats away at your energy - prolonging the low energy period.
Fight guilt first - screw the fact that you didn't do what you could yesterday - it's yesterday man and if you can feel a high energy day -just a little bit of motivation - then grab it man.

Thanks for the kind words man. And really, sounds right on to me. I got highs and lows for sure, and a little-little inbetween. And its true, the low periods man, looking over what's been done, I get fighting fucking mad and then all down on my self, like I can't 'live' efficiently. I know a lot of things are attitude, but attitude is something you can't fake. I can fake a smile, but I can't sike my whole body and mind out. Trick it into being cool and graceful, when I'm freaking out. Over nothing mostly, just immature attitudes I suppose.
I've been trying to let go of my attachment to somethings, that have brought lot of guilt, understand it's just dragging me down always, gotta move without it.

Anti-matter, I don't think the laws are all too different from many states, but high quality, exotic smelling/looking stuff always seems to be in high demand, 450-500/oz not uncommon at all. Paranoia, I get it out of nowhere sometimes, not attacks, not when grow up only either. Sometimes insist on being totally quiet when I smoke. Window blinds have to be the fat wooden type so can't see through little holes, etc. Only started happening after I grew though, lol, I then became aware of all possible infiltrations.
 
I've got a quick Cali med reg question:
1.Does a caregiver have to produce in the same county as the patients/scriptholders? (ie: Could one have patients in say, 4 different counties and produce the medicine in a 5th...say, SoCal patients, NorCal production/site?)...................

This info might help. Here's a link with more info if not. http://ag.ca.gov/cms_attachments/press/pdfs/n1601_medicalmarijuanaguidelines.pdf
(copied from above link)
Primary Caregiver:
A primary caregiver is a person who is designated by a
qualified patient and “has consistently assumed responsibility for the housing, health, or
safety” of the patient. (§ 11362.5(e).) California courts have emphasized the consistency
element of the patient-caregiver relationship. Although a “primary caregiver who
consistently grows and supplies . . . medicinal marijuana for a section 11362.5 patient is
serving a health need of the patient,” someone who merely maintains a source of
marijuana does not automatically become the party “who has consistently assumed
responsibility for the housing, health, or safety” of that purchaser. (
People ex rel. Lungren
v. Peron
(1997) 59 Cal.App.4th 1383, 1390, 1400.) A person may serve as primary
caregiver to “more than one” patient, provided that the patients and caregiver all reside in
the same city or county. (§ 11362.7(d)(2).) Primary caregivers also may receive certain
compensation for their services. (§ 11362.765(c) [“A primary caregiver who receives
compensation for actual expenses, including reasonable compensation incurred for
services provided . . . to enable [a patient] to use marijuana under this article, or for
payment for out-of-pocket expenses incurred in providing those services, or both, . . . shall
not, on the sole basis of that fact, be subject to prosecution” for possessing or transporting

marijuana].)
 

Julian

Canna Consultant
ICMag Donor
Veteran
Thanks.....I got the answer to that one shortly after post while reading through all related rules and regs......(and have been through every counties rules and regs up and down constantly matching it against parcels I have an interest in.......of which most seem to be NorCal.....)

To poster above looking for plant count, no canopy restrictions, outdoor trees the target, and possibility of just going greenhouse if can enable another round or 2 a year depending on location, climate, etc....(still getting familiar with all locations of interest.....)

Was a little disappointed as have a couple scripts there already to work with if I like but they're SoCal (LA, LA county?), not NorCal, which seems to be where going to end up....

Next question I suppose would be if I could set up other ops, in other places for other people :smoke: (ie: 2 in SoCal, 3 patients each, 1 in NorCal, several patients, etc.....)

Have been reading and rereading many things over and over again and matching them to situations/options....(and keeping in mind compliance the target....not setting something up there to "break the law" per se......target is as close to legal as possible, and at the same time "positioning" for future breaks in industry and environment....

I look forward to being and working there.....(part time, 3-4 months out of the year, traveling, but will. of course have a "primary residence" there (unless regs allow less, secondary residence, etc)....script, drivers license, etc....and bringing 2-6 scripts with me)...

I've been doing fairly well.....going through enormous amounts of contradicting legal issues and fine print nothing new to me...I enjoy it :biglaugh:....

Sorry I haven't gotten to above posts yet....have been just reading a lot and working on the above......but have a lot copied and have been working on all relies above......Hope all are well....
 
Last edited:
H

humboldtlocal

Hey Julian, I have had a few wells drilled. I have paid anywhere from $4,000-$10,000. I am way out in the sticks so a lot of that is transporting that huge drilling rig way out there. I have also paid that money and had dry wells and wells that were good for a couple years and then dried up. A much better option is large water storage tanks. They have a metal frame and a rubber water bladder. There are local companies here that install them. A 50,000 gallon is around $20,000. I also know several people using these water bladders that just lay on the ground. I heard of some getting holes in them and others not working good if they are not on perfectly flat ground. I would try to find some land with a large spring fed pod. I have had several ponds built also that don't always hold water. Wells and ponds are always a gamble. If I was moving to Cali to grow I would settle in Grass Valley, Chico, or around Redding. That is where you will get the biggest plants.
 

nomaad

Active member
Veteran
Thanks.....I got the answer to that one shortly after post while reading through all related rules and regs......(and have been through every counties rules and regs up and down constantly matching it against parcels I have an interest in.......of which most seem to be NorCal.....)

To poster above looking for plant count, no canopy restrictions, outdoor trees the target, and possibility of just going greenhouse if can enable another round or 2 a year depending on location, climate, etc....(still getting familiar with all locations of interest.....)

Was a little disappointed as have a couple scripts there already to work with if I like but they're SoCal (LA, LA county?), not NorCal, which seems to be where going to end up....

Next question I suppose would be if I could set up other ops, in other places for other people :smoke: (ie: 2 in SoCal, 3 patients each, 1 in NorCal, several patients, etc.....)

Have been reading and rereading many things over and over again and matching them to situations/options....(and keeping in mind compliance the target....not setting something up there to "break the law" per se......target is as close to legal as possible, and at the same time "positioning" for future breaks in industry and environment....

I look forward to being and working there.....(part time, 3-4 months out of the year, traveling, but will. of course have a "primary residence" there (unless regs allow less, secondary residence, etc)....script, drivers license, etc....and bringing 2-6 scripts with me)...

I've been doing fairly well.....going through enormous amounts of contradicting legal issues and fine print nothing new to me...I enjoy it :biglaugh:....

Sorry I haven't gotten to above posts yet....have been just reading a lot and working on the above......but have a lot copied and have been working on all relies above......Hope all are well....

Much of this post resonates with me... I am thinking along exactly the same lines.

One thing regarding "bringing 2-6 scripts with you"... the AG guidelines, which, i think, is what GG posted are clear that you may only be a caregiver to somebody who lives in the same city or county as you.
 

Julian

Canna Consultant
ICMag Donor
Veteran
humboldtlocal said:
Hey Julian, I have had a few wells drilled. I have paid anywhere from $4,000-$10,000. I am way out in the sticks so a lot of that is transporting that huge drilling rig way out there. I have also paid that money and had dry wells and wells that were good for a couple years and then dried up. A much better option is large water storage tanks. They have a metal frame and a rubber water bladder. There are local companies here that install them. A 50,000 gallon is around $20,000. I also know several people using these water bladders that just lay on the ground. I heard of some getting holes in them and others not working good if they are not on perfectly flat ground. I would try to find some land with a large spring fed pod. I have had several ponds built also that don't always hold water. Wells and ponds are always a gamble.
Thanks man......and of course, was just looking for local range....know many variables determine the price (same as power, phone, and septics and stuff......ie:Is power 300' away or is it 20 mils way? :biglaugh:....I have always had extremely heavy real estate interests, so....you know...have an idea :smoke:......Storage also known and aware, etc....of course...
If I was moving to Cali to grow I would settle in Grass Valley, Chico, or around Redding. That is where you will get the biggest plants.
:smoke:.......

Great values too :smoke:....(and from what I understand....a fairly friendly region :smoke:....)




nomaad said:
Much of this post resonates with me... I am thinking along exactly the same lines.
As in multiple ops for multiple patients? :smoke:.....I think though the issue is wouldn't the caregiver have to hold a script (their own) at each location,etc...was just talking about this with someone recently....
One thing regarding "bringing 2-6 scripts with you"... the AG guidelines, which, i think, is what GG posted are clear that you may only be a caregiver to somebody who lives in the same city or county as you.
They would of course have the same address as me :smoke:...there, of course.......

Clarification: I have a couple (well...several :smoke:) out there I could take over tomorrow...but SoCal, but anything I do out there, I can have several possibly have same or similar address, etc, and me handle those, etc.....trying to determine as I go expenses to do so, and end result net, etc......Have a couple in NorCal also I might be able to pick up, etc.....I'm working on that here and there as I go......ie: How I work is slow and sure, and, when dy to move, a wave of the hand to do everything at once, etc.....always how I have done things...."Full force" when ready to proceed....(and everything done and laid far before hand so easier to implement, put in motion, etc.....)






Haven't really had anything to say, so, haven't really said anything, added anything......getting hit left and right across the board in every way...not ending up a good season, and, learning some very hard and overdue lessons (which of course I already knew, and tried, but, a little too positive , so....)

Lot of fucking stories I could tell about people that pretty much any human being would not believe..(about people.....)......Some very hard times hitting me and finding out that people I have moved hell for endless times not there for me.....and not really using the anger that is arising from it.......ignoring the sadness of it, and just using it as a lesson......really........just would not believe the matched notes.....ie: what I have done for them, and what I finally asked in return and was denied........)

"A refusal is not the act of a friend" has always been my stance......family?.......many, many times worse......so......Some rough patches...hit left and right (last was less than 24hrs ago......not known if a total loss.....but signs of some activity within......less than 15 feet.....significant activity.....), but......rearranging life.......my own...personal and business.......maybe some significant changes....(my year might end in more loss than I have known in 15 yrs.....)

But...in the end?....I'm still better off than most..(even if penniless and homeless tomorrow)......everything I do large cash generation.....so......wind blows the right way, and I'm right again....is what it is...lot of other things always in the works.....many things...the above is coming along well....have new areas for next season.....property is piss cheap nationwide basically....so......you know.......far from being the greatest loss....very well might be followed by greatest gains...property, ops, market, etc, so......

Just a little down lately......have been extremely let down by people.........just...unimaginable......which of course relates to no more favors.....no more looking out for everyone ($)......and relying only on myself, and those who haven't let me down......wish could share, because really , some laughable.......truly...

Is what it is......what can you do....actually....I'm fairly happy and well considering......sure 95% of people would be gargling draino.....and also have someone new......very special actually....

Anyway.....look forward to being out west.....will enjoy it....and should have some significant things other places.......guess it's in...going to cut the numbers....no more numbers, and shoot for serious trees across the board....ie: No more 1,000's at a time....(well...:smoke:...we'll see :smoke::biglaugh:....), going to stop spreading myself so thin.....going to focus on less things, and more on what is important.....

Hope all are well.......truly...absolutely.....I wish all their best seasons ever....

I'll have one again soon myself :smoke:.....No problem :smoke: (and, in the end....maybe happier when it happens also :smoke:, and, make more money as no dead weight, no more favors for anyone, etc.......)

It's actually all quite comforting......and very pleased, and, feel more "untouchable" than I ever have.....no matter what drops..already handled.....alive, happy, healthy....present fucked, but brighter future than in many years...(truly.....money only a fraction of it.....almost meaningless :smoke:.....)

Happiness, health, loved ones/family and my brothers?...well.....fuck man....that's become more than enough for me and everything secondary.....

Haven't really had anything to say otherwise.......but hope all well.......
 

nomaad

Active member
Veteran
Multiple ops for mutiple patients... If these patients will be living at the locations, the location should be in their names. they could be their own caregivers in their own space. You are just a consultant. No murky legalities involved.

Using the same script in more than one location (even as a caregiver) opens you up to conspiracy charges if any one location is busted and traced to the next. conspiracy charges are ugly.
 

Julian

Canna Consultant
ICMag Donor
Veteran
nomaad said:
Multiple ops for mutiple patients... If these patients will be living at the locations, the location should be in their names. they could be their own caregivers in their own space. You are just a consultant. No murky legalities involved.
I got it....already discussed with a couple SoCals consulting only last 2 weeks.....(at their locations, etc...) I'm on it man :smoke: (I've done a little consulting in 25yrs :smoke: :biglaugh:..)
Using the same script in more than one location (even as a caregiver) opens you up to conspiracy charges if any one location is busted and traced to the next. conspiracy charges are ugly.
I know......Sure people do but didn't even cross my mind.....Not setting up out there for that.....target is safety and security (and fuckin fun :biglaugh:)...(I would assume smart (legal) move is to have a signed agreement with all patients stating such.....ie: the reverse...that they are not "renting" it out to 10 caregivers, etc.....Maybe fine print prevents such.......but wouldn't put it past someone to do that with no thought to caregiver's position/safety....who knows...I know all mine (there and I would bring) would be 100% straight, but, if possible for a patient to do that?....well, probably a certainty there are people doing it....

You know.....I'm gettin there.....
 

fisher15

classy grass
Veteran
One thing regarding "bringing 2-6 scripts with you"... the AG guidelines, which, i think, is what GG posted are clear that you may only be a caregiver to somebody who lives in the same city or county as you.

Most multiple rec gardens are co-ops. It's different than one person acting as a caregiver for the others. There are no out of county rules reguarding co-ops. If claiming caregiver status, you'll also be expected to provide multiple types of 'care' for those you are helping. In a co-op, one person can still run the show, but members must contribute in either labor or funds.
 

Julian

Canna Consultant
ICMag Donor
Veteran
Hey my friend......See, that's why for this I prefer to just read, ask questions, read, ask questions, and on and on......(and slowly but surely getting there.....) , and really don't want to go into too much in open threads, posts and such....

Either or.....no problem.....I'm remaining pretty flexible overall.....would like to keep everyone I have in state for me, and, when time to move comes, if not possible, well, then will change it up to alternate approach, etc.....(Of course, aware of contributions above in situations, etc, etc....)

Gotta love summer holidays..........what I really want to know is how's the beef out there? (Good quality, less expensive or good quality and more expensive?):biglaugh:

Hope all are well.....we're almost there.......final stretch.......
 
Last edited:

Ipsissimus

Member
does the script holder have to live at the location? or can someone let you grow on their property?

edit - so if you do a coop, what's a safe limit for plant numbers/scripts?
 

Julian

Canna Consultant
ICMag Donor
Veteran
Ipsissimus said:
does the script holder have to live at the location? or can someone let you grow on their property?
Don't want to turn into Cali/Med thread, and, not as well versed as others, but I would say the answer is obviously no, as many single locations service multiple scripts, many ops in rented commercial properties I am sure, serving multiple patients, etc... but I think issue (or something which I can't answer fully yet), is the the person running the location and their script, etc...of which I might be mistaken....ie: I have and operate a location, indoor or out, but do not possess script myself....or...I maintain 2 locations serving multiple patients, have a script myself either on 1 and not the other, or not on either at all......ie: I am not certain if a caregiver must hold a script themselves, (I of course would anyway..) and how that relates to any and all locations...ie: If any location run has to hold their script, or if they may, for example service their own at , say, their own residence, but then maintain another location serving patients......and on and on.....
edit - so if you do a coop, what's a safe limit for plant numbers/scripts?
That answer would vary per county, but across the board seems the less the better.

Every county has different requirements. (Some are the same, some not, some are more lenient, some not....)

Many sources available, simple search to find out each and every counties limits and policies and even their stances in general. (And I'm not even well versed :smoke:...so....)






So.......I guess it's back to basics and old school to fill some gaps....pricing out and calculating and doing preliminary arrangements for several things, from 4-8k's....seeing what current equipment inventories are, looking at new things, thinking about changes...(at least 1 going to be a vertical tree coco run.....maybe more....unsure right now exactly what will be where, but have go ahead on several spots, all ready to begin within moments notice starting tomorrow....things already vegging.......going to run some new things....going to reduce plant counts......

Starting to feel a little better already :smoke:......
 

Ipsissimus

Member
..ie: I am not certain if a caregiver must hold a script themselves, (I of course would anyway..)

you know it :joint:

i quickly realized it was kind of a obtuse question, i'm just ripped :) thanks for breaking it down.
 

Julian

Canna Consultant
ICMag Donor
Veteran
Well, meaning their script at a specific location serving other scripts....(or, as above....could one have their own at one location, but run another while other holds theirs, etc.....Issue of caregiver holding a script period was just a passing curiosity about it..I will of course have one, so, moot point...Sure many things regarding it in rules and regs, so...but, again...I'll have a script, so....(but, as above...does having script in one location prevent one from serving another without on, and on and on....)

I'm getting lot of answers to everything on a fairly consistent basis.....when closer will secure legal, and finish off specifics, etc,so.....I have very little concern at this point...anything not known will be....all answers will be addressed, and everything will be as it should so.....really no worries at this point regarding that.......local here and now of much more concern...
 

Groucho

Member
Julian
This thread has been an amazingly inspirational and motivating read.
Was definately of much use and extremely interesting opened my eyes
And completly altered my approach to planting, the game, life in general
Much respect and unmeasurable gratitude for your time and knowledge
Devoted for this discussion. Drinks on me. Cheers ! Good luck bringing it all in and
To the safety of everyone putting it out on the line
 
Status
Not open for further replies.
Top