Dionysos
Active member
03/09/2021
Once upon a time …
… when what many people enjoy had to take place in secret, a door opened up leading to undreamed-of possibilities. A door behind which a secret refuge was hidden. This is where the two royal siblings, Princess Cinderella and Prince Cinderello, ended up, and from then on they enjoyed themselves in their new chambers. Golden light shone down on them, and they feasted on the cool water whose gentle waves caressed their feet. But even a pleasant place like this could not dissuade them from their goal: They were sent out to meet the daughters and sons of the House of Sinatra, two dozen in number.
This report is retrospective, even if it was not when I wrote it. It was in German then. Now I have decided to finally become active here on ICMag and translate the little story into English.
I currently have a few plants in flower, including Haschenputtel and Cinderella Super Bud, another of my own crosses. More about that in my next report.
Why Haschenputtel at all? What kind of name is that?
Let me explain briefly: Cinderella is called Aschenputtel in German. For this reason, I gave this name to the best female I found in a packet of seeds Cinderella 99 by Brothers Grimm from 2018. I placed 12 seeds to germinate in early 2020 and keep the winner to this day. She has proven to be the best of them over several grows. Of the males, I have used two for propagation and crossing and kept one until the creation of Haschenputtel. The name is a neologism composed of "Hasch", the spelling for hash in German, and "Aschenputtel". I thought it was kind of funny, but of course it doesn't work in English. In order for the name to make sense somehow, at least in German, a hash plant seemed to me to be the most suitable crossing partner. I tried several varieties, but only Dank Sinatra lived up to my expectations.
Lineage:
Cinderella 99 »»» Princess x P94
- Princess
»»» Jack Herer x Mystery Male- Jack Herer
»»» Haze x {Northern Lights #5 x Shiva Skunk}- Northern Lights #5 x Shiva Skunk
- Northern Lights #5
- USA, Kalifornien »»» Mostly Indica
- Shiva Skunk
- Northern Lights 5 x Skunk #1 F-1 Hybrid F1
»»» Northern Lights #5 x Skunk #1 F1- Northern Lights #5 (specified above)
- Skunk #1
- Skunk #1
»»» Afghanistan x Mexico x Colombia- Afghanistan »»» Indica
- Mexico »»» Sativa
- Colombia »»» Sativa
- Haze
- O Haze
»»» Mexico x Colombia x Thailand x India- Mexico »»» Sativa
- Colombia »»» Sativa
- Thailand »»» Sativa
- India »»» Sativa
- Mystery Male »»» Unknown Strain
- P94
»»» Princess x Cinderella 88- Princess (specified above)
- Cinderella 88
»»» Princess x P.75- Princess (specified above)
- P.75
»»» Princess x P.50- Princess (specified above)
- P.50
»»» Princess x Shiva Skunk- Princess (specified above)
- Shiva Skunk (specified above)
Mother: Cinderella 99 #11 ("Aschenputtel") -> line A
Father: Cinderella 99 #2 -> line B
Dank Sinatra F4 »»» Dank Sinatra F4
- Dank Sinatra
»»» OG LA Affie x 88 G-13 HashPlant- OG LA Affie
- Afghanistan »»» Indica
- 88 G-13 HashPlant IBL
- Mr. Nice G13 x Hash Plant
»»» G13 x Hash Plant- G13
- Indica
- Hash Plant
- Hash Plant
»»» Hash Plant x {Hash Plant x NL #1}- Hash Plant x NL #1
- Hash Plant
- USA, Kalifornien »»» Indica
- NL #1 IBL
- Afghanistan »»» Indica
- Hash Plant (specified above)
Mother: Dank Sinatra #16+23+19 -> line B
Father: Dank Sinatra #9+13 -> line A
Equipment:
DFT system (Deep Flow Technique) made out of sewer pipes (DN 160) for 24 net pots (5.5 cm) fed by a 200 l reservoir cooled by Hailea Ultra Titan 300 in a tent (240 x 120 x 200 cm) with two box fans illuminated by two grow lights.
50 - 750 W
110 x 110 cm
10 bars
2880 pcs Samsung LM301H (CRI 80, 3500 K, SK Bin)
120 pcs Osram GH CSSPM1.24 (660 nm, 1U Bin)
110 x 110 cm
10 bars
2880 pcs Samsung LM301H (CRI 80, 3500 K, SK Bin)
120 pcs Osram GH CSSPM1.24 (660 nm, 1U Bin)
Nutrient schedule:
10 l RO water
2 g calcium nitrate
1 g Epson salt
2 g Peters Professional Combi Sol
1 g Hakaphos Soft Ultra
0.25 ml (5 drops) pH Minus
27.5 ml H2O2 (11.9 %) (10 mM)
EC: 0.7 mS/cm
pH: 5.7
-> Nutrients (pure elements ppm): 61 N - 24 P - 75 K - 38 Ca - 15 Mg
Soak seeds and rockwool cubes for 12-24 h.
2 g calcium nitrate
1 g Epson salt
2 g Peters Professional Combi Sol
1 g Hakaphos Soft Ultra
0.25 ml (5 drops) pH Minus
27.5 ml H2O2 (11.9 %) (10 mM)
EC: 0.7 mS/cm
pH: 5.7
-> Nutrients (pure elements ppm): 61 N - 24 P - 75 K - 38 Ca - 15 Mg
Soak seeds and rockwool cubes for 12-24 h.
10 l RO water
6 g calcium nitrate
3 g Epsom salt
5 g Peters Professional Combi Sol
4 g Hakaphos Soft Ultra
-> Nutrients (pure elements ppm): 195 N - 53 P - 209 K - 114 Ca - 45 Mg
EC values:
Dilute nutrient solution to 0.7 mS/cm for seedlings and cuttings, raise to 0.8 - 2.0 mS/cm maximally.
6 g calcium nitrate
3 g Epsom salt
5 g Peters Professional Combi Sol
4 g Hakaphos Soft Ultra
-> Nutrients (pure elements ppm): 195 N - 53 P - 209 K - 114 Ca - 45 Mg
EC values:
Dilute nutrient solution to 0.7 mS/cm for seedlings and cuttings, raise to 0.8 - 2.0 mS/cm maximally.
10 l RO water
5 g calcium nitrate
3 g Epsom salt
7 g Peters Professional Combi Sol
-> Nutrients (pure elements ppm): 120 N - 55 P - 209 K - 95 Ca - 42 Mg
EC values:
Dilute nutrient solution to 0.8 - 2.0 mS/cm maximally, reduce to less than 0.7 mS/cm in the last week.
5 g calcium nitrate
3 g Epsom salt
7 g Peters Professional Combi Sol
-> Nutrients (pure elements ppm): 120 N - 55 P - 209 K - 95 Ca - 42 Mg
EC values:
Dilute nutrient solution to 0.8 - 2.0 mS/cm maximally, reduce to less than 0.7 mS/cm in the last week.
Nitrogen (N):
Atomic mass: 14.0067 u
optimal: 160 - 220 mg/l
Phosphorous (P):
Atomic mass: 30.9738 u
optimal: 20 - 60 mg/l
Potassium (K):
Atommasse: 39.0983 u
optimal: 160 - 240 mg/l
Calcium (Ca) + Magnesium (Mg):
Atomic mass Ca: 40.078 u
Atomic mass Mg: 24.305 u
Optimal ratio to Potassium: 4 K : 2 Ca : 1 Mg
Optimal (Ca): 80 - 120 mg/l
Optimal (Mg): 40 - 60 mg/l
Calculation:
In the vegetative phase, a little more nitrogen is reasonable, towards the end of flowering a little less. The proportions of the other nutrients can be maintained throughout the grow. More is not always more, over-fertilisation should be avoided, often an EC value of just under 1.0 mS/cm is sufficient, depending on conditions and variety. The optimal amount of the respective nutrient refers to optimal conditions in an indoor hydroponic system in peak flowering.
The cheapest way to fertilise is with nutrient salts.
The nutrients are given in mass proportions: N as pure element, P as P4O10, K as K2O, Ca as CaO and Mg as MgO.
Based on the molar mass, the proportion of the pure element can be calculated.
Example P:
Molar mass (P4O10): 283.92 u
Atomic mass (P): 30.9738 u
4 * 30.9738 u / 283.92 u = 0.436
N: 100 %
P: 43.6 %
K: 83 %
Ca: 71.5 %
Mg: 60.3 %
1 g NPK fertiliser with the specifications 10-10-10 thus contains 100 mg N, 43.6 mg P and 83 mg K.
If you dissolve 1 g of salt in 10 l of water, it contains 100 ppm of the salt.
Reverse osmosis water is used, as my tap water is most unsuitable. With an EC value of 0.8 mS/cm, it contains, among other things, chlorides, which do not belong in a nutrient solution. Some people may be lucky and can tap directly out of the wall, but unfortunately I, like many others, am not one of them.
First calcium, as this is not contained in most nutrient salts and, on the other hand, a calcium fertiliser usually also contains nitrogen. I use calcium nitrate with 15.5 N and 26.5 CaO (18.95 Ca).
1 g calcium nitrate in 10 l water -> 15.5 ppm N + 19 ppm Ca
1 g Epsom salt in 10 l water -> 9.9 ppm Mg + 13 ppm S
1 g monopotassium phosphate MKP 52-34 in 10 l water -> 22.7 ppm P + 28.2 ppm K
1 ml pH Plus (potassium hydroxide 50 %) in 10 l water -> 52.4 ppm K
1 ml pH Minus (phosphoric acid 59 %) in 10 l water -> 26.4 ppm P
For the optimum proportion of Ca, 4-6 g of calcium nitrate per 10 l of water are needed.
5 g calcium nitrate in 10 l water -> 78 ppm N + 95 ppm Ca
So we still need 80-140 ppm N, 20-60 ppm P, 180-240 ppm K and 40-60 ppm Mg.
If you calculate in the other direction, it makes it easier to choose the right fertiliser. This way you can see at first glance whether the ratios fit.
160-220 N + 20-60 P + 160-240 K + 80-120 Ca + 40-60 Mg
->
160-200 N + 50-140 P4O10 + 190-290 K2O + 110-170 CaO + 60-100 MgO
Since NPK fertilisers usually do not contain calcium, we have to calculate out the N added by the calcium nitrate.
Magnesium is usually not sufficiently present in NPK fertiliser, so we can neglect this, as it is supplied by Epsom salt.
So a fertiliser that does not deviate too far from 1-1-2 NPK should in principle be suitable for us.
Atomic mass: 14.0067 u
optimal: 160 - 220 mg/l
SourceFor flowering drug-type cannabis in soilless culture, supply of 30 and 80 mg L⁻¹ N restricted whole plant and inflorescence growth, but plants performed optimally with supply of 160-320 mg L⁻¹ N (Saloner and Bernstein, 2021). The optimal N supply (194 mg L⁻¹) found in our study is within their range, despite the two studies using two different growing methods and plants with different genetic backgrounds.
Source
N Supply affects cannabinoid and terpenoid concentrations in medical cannabis. Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid and cannabidiolic acid decrease with the increase in N application. Inflorescence yield is highest under 160–320 mg L⁻¹ N. Growth retardation and visual chlorosis are induced by N supply lower than 160 mg L⁻¹ N, and N supply up to 320 mg L⁻¹ did not induce a toxicity response. The optimal N level for yield quantity, combined with relatively high secondary metabolite content, is 160 mg L⁻¹ N.
Phosphorous (P):
Atomic mass: 30.9738 u
optimal: 20 - 60 mg/l
SourceMany commercial cannabis cultivation operations currently use fertilizer formulations that contain very high levels of P (more than 200 mg L⁻¹ P in some cases). This practice is based on anecdotal evidence that P enhances inflorescence production. These concentrations are much higher than the optimal rate of 60 mg L⁻¹ P found in our study, and at the higher range could cause reduction of both plant growth and inflorescence yield. In addition to reducing plant growth and yield, excessive supply of nutrients is a potential source of environmental pollution.
SourceThus, for production in a cannabinoid or distillate market, a P fertility concentration of 11.25 mg·L⁻¹ would be adequate, while for fresh market production, a P fertility concentration may be greater (22.5 mg·L⁻¹) to account for more visually appealing floral material.
SourceGrowing ‘BaOx’ C. sativa with a fertility rate of 15 mg·L⁻¹ P provided similar plant height, diameter, and totala above ground biomass produced in comparison to all other examined higher rates. This 15 mg·L⁻¹ P rate optimized plant growth without deficiency symptoms or stunting growth due to an over or under application. Although a plateau was not reached for the foliar accumulation of P, plant growth metrics were not significantly impacted by the variation of P fertility. These results demonstrate that while P plays a large role in plant growth and development, a fertility rate of 11.25 to 15 mg·L⁻¹ P recommended (Cockson et al., 2020) will provide optimal growth. Thus, growers can optimize yield and limit economic inputs without suppling the plant with greater P fertility rate that would promote luxury consumption.
Potassium (K):
Atommasse: 39.0983 u
optimal: 160 - 240 mg/l
SourceWhile modeling of cannabis inflorescence yield response to N, P, and K with surface analysis accounts for interaction between nutrients, the surface response model demonstrated that K, within the tested range of 60-340 mg L⁻¹, had no effect on inflorescence yield. This lack of response may suggest that 60 mg L⁻¹ K is not low enough to cause nutrient deficiency, and 340 mg L⁻¹ K is not high enough to cause toxicity. Moreover, cannabis responses to K may be cultivar specific.
SourceIn both genotypes, biomass deposition was affected by K inputs but the response varied between the genotypes. In RM, growth positively responded to increase in K supply up to 175 ppm K (Figures 1A–C), as can be seen from the increase in leaves and root biomass (Figures 1A, C), stem diameter (Figure 2E), and internode elongation rate (Figures 2E, G), but decreased with further increase to 240 ppm K, rendering 175 ppm as the optimum concentration for this genotype. While DQ suffered as well from insufficient K supply under the 15 ppm K treatment, increasing K supply in the range of 60–175 ppm K did not affect plant development. Surprisingly, further increase in K supply, to the level of 240 ppm K, stimulated rather than restricted growth and development of this genotype.
Calcium (Ca) + Magnesium (Mg):
Atomic mass Ca: 40.078 u
Atomic mass Mg: 24.305 u
Optimal ratio to Potassium: 4 K : 2 Ca : 1 Mg
Optimal (Ca): 80 - 120 mg/l
Optimal (Mg): 40 - 60 mg/l
SourceRatio of K to Ca to Mg. Providing the proper balance of K to Ca to Mg is important for greenhouse production of cannabis. Too much of one element does not in itself result in toxicity symptoms. Instead, excessive levels of one element has an antagonism against the others. For instance, excessive K will result in either a Ca deficiency or an Mg deficiency being observed in a plant. Many instances of Mg deficiency observed in cannabis may be due to excessive K being supplied and not due to the lack of available Mg to the plant. Figure 3 illustrates the trend that is observed in the leaf tissue concentration of a plant when K is excessive.
For cannabis, K, Ca and Mg all appear to be needed in larger quantities compared to other greenhouse floriculture species. In general, the rule is provide K, Ca and Mg in a 4:2:1 ratio to avoid antagonisms. For commercial poinsettia production, we recommend a similar ratio around 200 ppm K to 100 ppm Ca to 50 ppm Mg; this would be a good starting point for cannabis (which, like poinsettias, is a short-day plant) until scientifically based research can determine optimal rates.
Calculation:
In the vegetative phase, a little more nitrogen is reasonable, towards the end of flowering a little less. The proportions of the other nutrients can be maintained throughout the grow. More is not always more, over-fertilisation should be avoided, often an EC value of just under 1.0 mS/cm is sufficient, depending on conditions and variety. The optimal amount of the respective nutrient refers to optimal conditions in an indoor hydroponic system in peak flowering.
The cheapest way to fertilise is with nutrient salts.
The nutrients are given in mass proportions: N as pure element, P as P4O10, K as K2O, Ca as CaO and Mg as MgO.
Based on the molar mass, the proportion of the pure element can be calculated.
Example P:
Molar mass (P4O10): 283.92 u
Atomic mass (P): 30.9738 u
4 * 30.9738 u / 283.92 u = 0.436
N: 100 %
P: 43.6 %
K: 83 %
Ca: 71.5 %
Mg: 60.3 %
1 g NPK fertiliser with the specifications 10-10-10 thus contains 100 mg N, 43.6 mg P and 83 mg K.
If you dissolve 1 g of salt in 10 l of water, it contains 100 ppm of the salt.
Reverse osmosis water is used, as my tap water is most unsuitable. With an EC value of 0.8 mS/cm, it contains, among other things, chlorides, which do not belong in a nutrient solution. Some people may be lucky and can tap directly out of the wall, but unfortunately I, like many others, am not one of them.
First calcium, as this is not contained in most nutrient salts and, on the other hand, a calcium fertiliser usually also contains nitrogen. I use calcium nitrate with 15.5 N and 26.5 CaO (18.95 Ca).
1 g calcium nitrate in 10 l water -> 15.5 ppm N + 19 ppm Ca
1 g Epsom salt in 10 l water -> 9.9 ppm Mg + 13 ppm S
1 g monopotassium phosphate MKP 52-34 in 10 l water -> 22.7 ppm P + 28.2 ppm K
1 ml pH Plus (potassium hydroxide 50 %) in 10 l water -> 52.4 ppm K
1 ml pH Minus (phosphoric acid 59 %) in 10 l water -> 26.4 ppm P
For the optimum proportion of Ca, 4-6 g of calcium nitrate per 10 l of water are needed.
5 g calcium nitrate in 10 l water -> 78 ppm N + 95 ppm Ca
So we still need 80-140 ppm N, 20-60 ppm P, 180-240 ppm K and 40-60 ppm Mg.
If you calculate in the other direction, it makes it easier to choose the right fertiliser. This way you can see at first glance whether the ratios fit.
160-220 N + 20-60 P + 160-240 K + 80-120 Ca + 40-60 Mg
->
160-200 N + 50-140 P4O10 + 190-290 K2O + 110-170 CaO + 60-100 MgO
Since NPK fertilisers usually do not contain calcium, we have to calculate out the N added by the calcium nitrate.
Magnesium is usually not sufficiently present in NPK fertiliser, so we can neglect this, as it is supplied by Epsom salt.
So a fertiliser that does not deviate too far from 1-1-2 NPK should in principle be suitable for us.
Goals:
Table of contents:
- Introduction + nutrients theory
- Cinderella 99: cuttings + start of pollen production and propagation
- Dank Sinatra: germination
- thoughts on hydrogen peroxide
- Cinderella 99: harvesting pollen
- Dank Sinatra: planting more seeds
- Dank Sinatra: first growth
- Dank Sinatra: short update
- 32 of 39 DS have made it + pollen from C99 is being dried
- Dank Sinatra: plucking leaves
- Cinderella 99: taming mother plant
- fresh nutrient solution
- Cinderella 99: pollen production and propagation
- Dank Sinatra: division and insertion into the DFT system
- fresh nutrient solution
- Dank Sinatra: pruning
- calcium chloride and silica gel as desiccants
- hydrogen peroxide as germination aid + fresh nutrient solution
- conversion to flowering
- Dank Sinatra: sexing
- sex separation and first marriage
- flowering day 7: female favourites
- flowering day 8: male favourites
- Cinderella 99: mother plant renewal
- flowering day 16
- Dank Sinatra: sex determination
- Dank Sinatra: DS #15 shows stigmata
- consideration of inheritance of hermaphrodite traits
- flowering day 29 + introduction of C99 mother and father
- flowering day 42 + new flowering hydro pot
- flowering day 48
- flowering day 55
- flowering day 60: harvest + final thoughts
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