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Yarkand (modern Chinese name 莎車), pinyin: Shāchē also written Suōchē; 37°52′N 77°24′E. Altitude about 1,189 m. or 3,900 ft.; pop. approx. 373,492 in 2003), is a county in Xinjiang, China, located on the southern rim of the Taklamakan desert in the Tarim Basin. It is one of 11 counties administered under Kashgar prefecture. Yarkand was the seat of an ancient Buddhist kingdom on the southern branch of the Silk Road
Yarkand, 1868, showing city walls and gallows
Yarkand, 1868, showing city walls and gallows
The fertile oasis is fed by the Yarkand River which flows north down from the Kunlun Mountains known historically as Congling mountains (lit. 'Onion Mountains' - from the abundance of wild onions found there). The oasis now covers some 3,210 km². (1,240 sq. mi.), but was likely far more extensive before the period of desiccation began to afflict the region from the 3rd century CE onwards.
Street scene in Yarkand in the 1870s
Street scene in Yarkand in the 1870s
Contents
[hide]
* 1 People & Economy
* 2 Neighbours
* 3 History
* 4 References
* 5 External links
[edit] People & Economy
Today, Yarkand (better known as Shache), is a predominantly Uyghur city. The irrigated oasis farmland produces cotton, wheat, corn, fruits, especially pomegranates, pears and apricots) and walnuts. Yak and sheep graze in the highlands. Mineral deposits include petroleum, natural gas, gold, copper, lead, bauxite, granite and coal.
[edit] Neighbours
Yarkand is strategically located about half way between Kashgar and Khotan, at the junction of a branch road north to Aksu. It also was the terminus for caravans coming from India via Ladakh and then over the Karakoram Pass to the Tarim Basin. The Xinjiang-Tibet Highway China National Highway 219, built in 1956 commences in Yecheng/Yarkand and heads south and west, across Aksai Chin and into central Tibet.
From Yarkand another important route headed southwest via Tashkurghan to the Wakhan corridor from where travellers could cross the relatively easy Baroghil Pass into what is now northern Pakistan, or head down the valley and into Badakshan.
Some of the legendary hash used to come from there !!