The bottom tier is too narrow to allow light to shine laterally on the plants. If you were to redesign this thing to allow more space for the bottom tier, the most cost effective approach might be to use your top section as the new bottom tier, and build a new larger top section.
But this design is limited in root space because the original design constraint was that each trough be narrow enough to fit a tall slim tree pot snugly.
But this design is limited in root space because the original design constraint was that each trough be narrow enough to fit a tall slim tree pot snugly.