-
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since some of you are intent on mixing from scratch, i've got some links you may want to see.
i'll post them one at a time, as i find them. this could take a while.
http://www.hbci.com/~wenonah/hydro/ppm.htm#sheet
i'll post them one at a time, as i find them. this could take a while.
http://www.hbci.com/~wenonah/hydro/ppm.htm#sheet
Last edited:
here is a good one put together by a pothead. this guy posted as delta, delta9420, and leafreader at different times.
this is not complete, but nearly so.
http://www.gardenscure.com/420/plant-food-nutrients/42058-delta9420-s-diy-raw-salt-fertilizers.html
this is not complete, but nearly so.
http://www.gardenscure.com/420/plant-food-nutrients/42058-delta9420-s-diy-raw-salt-fertilizers.html
hey, here's one!
"This Starting Formula has been adapted from Sundstrom's excellent book:
Sundstrom A.C. Simple Hydroponics for Australian and New Zealand Gardeners. 1989. Penguin Books Australia Ltd, Ringwood. Victoria. pp 31 - 34.
The following nutrient solutions are used at fairly dilute rates and must be properly measured out. Do NOT increase the usage of any of them unless you are aware of what you are doing. Nutrient solutions that are too strong, can kill the plant by dehydration.
Prepare the five nutrient solutions below in five different 4 Litre plastic fruit juice bottles. The usage of each varies, e.g., if your nutrient solution tank holds 160 Litres and the usage rate is 1.0 mL/Litre, then use 160 mL of that solution. With a felt pen, number each bottle and list the usage rate, and the amount of that solution you need to use. All weights are in grams and common names are used.
Solution #1:
Epsom's Salts
Borax
Manganese Sulphate
Zinc Sulphate
Copper Sulphate
Ammonium Molybdate
Table Salt
Water
1000.0
12.0
4.0
1.2
0.4
0.4
0.4
to 4 Litres
Usage: Use 1.0 mL/Litre.
Solution #2:
Iron Chelate
Water
50.0
to 4 Litres
Usage: Use 1.0 mL/Litre.
Solution #3:
Mono Ammonium Phosphate
Water
400.0
to 4 Litres
Usage: Use 2.0 mL/Litre.
Solution #4:
Calcium Nitrate
Water
1000.0
to 4 Litres
Usage: Use 4.0 mL/Litre.
Solution #5:
Potassium Nitrate
Water
400.0
to 4 Litres
Usage: Use 6.0 mL/Litre.
Method of Use:
Do not mix Solution #4 concentrate with any of the other concentrates. Shake each before use to suspend any undissolved matter.
Half fill a 10 Litre plastic bucket with water, and measure each concentrate into the bucket of water. For example, if your nutrient solution reservoir holds 160 Litres, then measure 160 mL Solution #1, 160 mL of Solution #2, 320 mL of Solution #3, 640 mL of Solution #4 and 960 mL of Solution #5.
Pour the diluted nutrient mix into your nutrient solution reservoir, stir well, then measure its pH. Aim for a pH of 6.0 to 6.4
Adjust the pH with dilute Sulphuric Acid. How to make dilute Sulphuric Acid will be explained later on this page.
Weighing out Small Quantities.
Weighing out small quantities of materials may appear daunting, but here is one suggestion that may help. Weigh out eight times as much as you need, then pour it on to a flat surface and divide it in two equal sized portions with a flat knife blade. Now divide the two heaps into four with a cross-cut. Now scrape away three of the heaps and divide the fourth in two and select one. Bingo!
Preparing Dilute Sulphuric Acid.
If this is being done for a School Project, it MUST be done by an adult (it is too dangerous for children).
Select a one Litre plastic bottle with a plastic screw top and fill it to 950 mL with tap water. Wearing suitable eye protection, carefully measure out 100 g (just over 50 mL) of concentrated Sulphuric Acid, and carefully pour into the water in the plastic bottle. It may momentarily boil so slow down the acid addition. When cooled, replace the cap and mark for identification with a felt pen.
Dangerous Chemicals on this Page.
There are several Dangerous Chemicals on this page. They are:
Potassium Nitrate.
Potassium Nitrate is an Oxidising Agent and must be kept away from Reducing Agents, and the liquid must be kept off clothing and other organic materials such as paper and wood. Store in a plastic cookie jar with a screw top, and keep the original container sealed between re-filling the cookie jar. Wash hands after handling.
Borax.
Borax is a Schedule 5 Poison. Store in original container. Wash hands after handling.
Copper Sulphate.
Copper Sulphate is a corrosive solid and is corrosive to many metals. Safe to handle with dry hands, but wash hands after handling.
Concentrated Sulphuric Acid.
Concentrated Sulphuric Acid is very corrosive to skin, most metals and most organic materials. DO NOT POUR WATER INTO CONCENTRATED SULPHURIC ACID. .... IT WILL EXPLODE! Wear suitable eye protection and plastic gloves while handling. If spilt on the skin, wash with water immediately. Keep container tightly sealed when not in use (it is hygroscopic ... sucks water out of the atmosphere).
Dilute Sulphuric Acid.
Dilute Sulphuric Acid is no where near as corrosive to the skin as the concentrated version. Do not spill on clothing ... it will eat holes in most fabrics. If spilt on skin or clothing, wash immediately with copious quantities of water. It has a sharp, bitter taste if you accidentally taste a finger after handling it.
Advanced
The discussion on this page is fairly technical, so if you are not interested in designing your own formulations or looking at the analysis for the Starting Formula on the previous page, you may want to go to the next page.
It is essential that the macro fertilizers be analysed in designing a new formulation. The Trace Elements are present as traces and will not be analysed here ... but do not forget them, or your results may be disappointing, unless your water supply can provide them.
Along with the macro fertilizers in the Starting Formulation, Potassium Sulphate, Urea and Sulphate of Ammonia will be analysed as well. The latter two are not suitable for hydroponics, but are widely used for in-ground gardening.
Mono Ammonium Phosphate:
Also known as Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate.
Formula
Molecular Weight
Phosphorus content
Nitrogen content
NH4H2PO4
= 115.03
= 26.92%
= 12.17%
Calcium Nitrate:
Formula
Molecular Weight
Calcium content
Nitrogen content
Ca(NO3)2.4H2O
= 236.16
= 16.97%
= 11.86%
Potassium Nitrate:
Formula
Molecular Weight
Potassium content
Nitrogen content
KNO3
= 101.11
= 38.6%
= 13.85%
Magnesium Sulphate:
Also known as Epsom's Salts.
Formula
Molecular Weight
Magnesium content
Sulphur content
MgSO4.7H2O
= 246.48
= 9.86%
= 13.0%
Potassium Sulphate:
Also known as Sulphate of Potash.
Formula
Molecular Weight
Potassium content
Sulphur content
K2SO4
= 174.26
= 44.87%
= 18.4%
Urea:
Formula
Molecular Weight
Nitrogen content
CO(NH2)2
= 60.06
= 46.65%
Ammonium Sulphate:
Also known as Sulphate of Ammonia.
Formula
Molecular Weight
Nitrogen content
Sulphur content
(NH4)2SO4
= 132.14
= 21.20%
= 24.26%
Now to calculate the fertilizer active materials to make up 160 Litres of nutrient solution for the reservoir tank.
Solution #1.
Solution #1 contains 1000 g of Magnesium Sulphate made up to 4.0 Litres, and we use 1.0 mL/Litre, so use 160 mL in nutrient tank.
Now, 160 mL = 4.0% of 4.0 Litres.
Therefore solid Magnesium Sulphate = 4.0% 0f 1000 g = 40 g.
Therefore Magnesium = 9.86% of 40 g = 3.94 g,
and Sulphur = 13.0% of 40 g = 5.2 g.
Solution #2.
Solution #2 contains no active fertilizer material, but contains soluble Iron (a trace element).
Solution #3.
Solution #3 contains 400 g MAP made up to 4.0 Litres, and we use 2.0 mL/Litre, so use 320 mL in nutrient tank.
Now, 320 mL = 8.0% of 4.0 Litres.
Therefore solid MAP = 8.0% of 400 g = 32 g.
Therefore Phosphorus = 26.92% of 32 g = 8.61 g,
and Nitrogen = 12.17% of 32 g = 3.89 g.
Solution #4.
Solution #4 contains 1000 g of Calcium Nitrate made up to 4.0 Litres, and we use 4.0 mL/Litre, so use 640 mL in nutrient tank.
Now, 640 mL = 16.0% of 4.0 Litres.
Therefore solid Calcium Nitrate = 16.0% of 1000 g = 160 g.
Therefore Calcium = 16.97% of 160 g = 27.15 g,
and Nitrogen = 11.86% of 160 g = 18.97 g.
Solution #5.
Solution #5 contains 400 g of Potassium Nitrate made up to 4.0 Litres, and we use 6.0 mL/Litre, so use 960 mL in nutrient tank.
Now, 960 ml = 24.0% of 4.0 Litres.
Therefore solid Potassium Nitrate = 24.0% of 400 g = 96 g.
Therefore Potassium = 38.6% of 96.0 g = 37.0 g,
and Nitrogen = 13.85% of 96.0 g = 13.3 g.
Adding all of the active materials from the calculations above and tabulating them to show the amount present in 160 Litres of nutrient solution, the respective concentrations in milligrams per Litre and the recommended limits in milligrams per Litre, shown in brackets, we have:
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Potassium
Magnesium
Calcium
Sulphur
= 36.2 g
= 8.6 g
= 37.0 g
= 3.9 g
= 27.2 g
= 5.2 g
= 226.0 mg/L
= 53.8 mg/L
= 231.2 mg/L
= 24.6 mg/L
= 169.6 mg/L
= 32.5 mg/L
= (140 - 300)
= (31 - 80)
= (160 - 300)
= (24 - 75)
= (100 - 400)
= (32 - 400)
The analysis above clearly shows that Magnesium and Sulphur are just above their lower recommended limits, so if you were re-designing this formula, it would be feasible to increase the Magnesium Sulphate (Epsom's Salts) content.
If you need clarification on any points, please feel free to E-mail me.
Home
*
*
A. Macroelements
Crop
Compounds
g/100 liters
(26 US gal.)
Elements
Provided
(ppm)
Tomatoes
(Seedlings to first fruit set-about 40 days)
Part A.
Calcium Nitrate
58
Ca - 140
N - 98
Part B.
Potassium Nitrate
14
N - 20
K - 56
Magnesium Sulfate
31
Mg - 30
S - 40
Monopotassium Phosphate
25
P - 55
K - 70
Potassium Sulfate
39
K - 174
S - 72
Tomatoes
(41 days to maturity)
Part A.
Calcium Nitrate
82
Ca - 200
Part B.
N - 140
Magnesium Sulfate
46
Mg. - 45
S - 60
Monopotassium Phosphate
30
P - 65
K - 83
Potassium Sulfate
71
K - 317
S - 131
*
*
B. Microelements
g/100 liters
(26 US gal.)
Elements
Provided
(ppm)
Boric Acid
0.17
B - 0.3
Manganese Sulfate
0.32
Mn - 0.8
Copper Sulfate
0.028
Cu-0.07
Zinc Sulfate
0.045
Zn- 0.10
Sodium Molybdate
0.013
Mo-0.03
Iron Chelate(10% iron)
3.0
Fe - 3.0
Mixing the Nutrient Solution
Prepare the nutrient solution in the following sequence of steps, observing all precautions suggested by manufacturers of the various products.
1.Fill the nutrient solution tank with water to about one third full.
2.Dissolve each fertilizer salt separately in a container of hot water.
3.Add potassium nitrate and potassium sulfate first to the nutrient solution tank.
4.Fill the solution tank to three-quarters full with water.
5.Next, add magnesium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate.
6.While slowly adding calcium nitrate, stir well.
7.Add all the micronutrients except iron chelate.
8.Test and adjust the pH to 5.8-6.4.
9.Add the iron chelate and top-up the tank to final volume."
"This Starting Formula has been adapted from Sundstrom's excellent book:
Sundstrom A.C. Simple Hydroponics for Australian and New Zealand Gardeners. 1989. Penguin Books Australia Ltd, Ringwood. Victoria. pp 31 - 34.
The following nutrient solutions are used at fairly dilute rates and must be properly measured out. Do NOT increase the usage of any of them unless you are aware of what you are doing. Nutrient solutions that are too strong, can kill the plant by dehydration.
Prepare the five nutrient solutions below in five different 4 Litre plastic fruit juice bottles. The usage of each varies, e.g., if your nutrient solution tank holds 160 Litres and the usage rate is 1.0 mL/Litre, then use 160 mL of that solution. With a felt pen, number each bottle and list the usage rate, and the amount of that solution you need to use. All weights are in grams and common names are used.
Solution #1:
Epsom's Salts
Borax
Manganese Sulphate
Zinc Sulphate
Copper Sulphate
Ammonium Molybdate
Table Salt
Water
1000.0
12.0
4.0
1.2
0.4
0.4
0.4
to 4 Litres
Usage: Use 1.0 mL/Litre.
Solution #2:
Iron Chelate
Water
50.0
to 4 Litres
Usage: Use 1.0 mL/Litre.
Solution #3:
Mono Ammonium Phosphate
Water
400.0
to 4 Litres
Usage: Use 2.0 mL/Litre.
Solution #4:
Calcium Nitrate
Water
1000.0
to 4 Litres
Usage: Use 4.0 mL/Litre.
Solution #5:
Potassium Nitrate
Water
400.0
to 4 Litres
Usage: Use 6.0 mL/Litre.
Method of Use:
Do not mix Solution #4 concentrate with any of the other concentrates. Shake each before use to suspend any undissolved matter.
Half fill a 10 Litre plastic bucket with water, and measure each concentrate into the bucket of water. For example, if your nutrient solution reservoir holds 160 Litres, then measure 160 mL Solution #1, 160 mL of Solution #2, 320 mL of Solution #3, 640 mL of Solution #4 and 960 mL of Solution #5.
Pour the diluted nutrient mix into your nutrient solution reservoir, stir well, then measure its pH. Aim for a pH of 6.0 to 6.4
Adjust the pH with dilute Sulphuric Acid. How to make dilute Sulphuric Acid will be explained later on this page.
Weighing out Small Quantities.
Weighing out small quantities of materials may appear daunting, but here is one suggestion that may help. Weigh out eight times as much as you need, then pour it on to a flat surface and divide it in two equal sized portions with a flat knife blade. Now divide the two heaps into four with a cross-cut. Now scrape away three of the heaps and divide the fourth in two and select one. Bingo!
Preparing Dilute Sulphuric Acid.
If this is being done for a School Project, it MUST be done by an adult (it is too dangerous for children).
Select a one Litre plastic bottle with a plastic screw top and fill it to 950 mL with tap water. Wearing suitable eye protection, carefully measure out 100 g (just over 50 mL) of concentrated Sulphuric Acid, and carefully pour into the water in the plastic bottle. It may momentarily boil so slow down the acid addition. When cooled, replace the cap and mark for identification with a felt pen.
Dangerous Chemicals on this Page.
There are several Dangerous Chemicals on this page. They are:
Potassium Nitrate.
Potassium Nitrate is an Oxidising Agent and must be kept away from Reducing Agents, and the liquid must be kept off clothing and other organic materials such as paper and wood. Store in a plastic cookie jar with a screw top, and keep the original container sealed between re-filling the cookie jar. Wash hands after handling.
Borax.
Borax is a Schedule 5 Poison. Store in original container. Wash hands after handling.
Copper Sulphate.
Copper Sulphate is a corrosive solid and is corrosive to many metals. Safe to handle with dry hands, but wash hands after handling.
Concentrated Sulphuric Acid.
Concentrated Sulphuric Acid is very corrosive to skin, most metals and most organic materials. DO NOT POUR WATER INTO CONCENTRATED SULPHURIC ACID. .... IT WILL EXPLODE! Wear suitable eye protection and plastic gloves while handling. If spilt on the skin, wash with water immediately. Keep container tightly sealed when not in use (it is hygroscopic ... sucks water out of the atmosphere).
Dilute Sulphuric Acid.
Dilute Sulphuric Acid is no where near as corrosive to the skin as the concentrated version. Do not spill on clothing ... it will eat holes in most fabrics. If spilt on skin or clothing, wash immediately with copious quantities of water. It has a sharp, bitter taste if you accidentally taste a finger after handling it.
Advanced
The discussion on this page is fairly technical, so if you are not interested in designing your own formulations or looking at the analysis for the Starting Formula on the previous page, you may want to go to the next page.
It is essential that the macro fertilizers be analysed in designing a new formulation. The Trace Elements are present as traces and will not be analysed here ... but do not forget them, or your results may be disappointing, unless your water supply can provide them.
Along with the macro fertilizers in the Starting Formulation, Potassium Sulphate, Urea and Sulphate of Ammonia will be analysed as well. The latter two are not suitable for hydroponics, but are widely used for in-ground gardening.
Mono Ammonium Phosphate:
Also known as Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate.
Formula
Molecular Weight
Phosphorus content
Nitrogen content
NH4H2PO4
= 115.03
= 26.92%
= 12.17%
Calcium Nitrate:
Formula
Molecular Weight
Calcium content
Nitrogen content
Ca(NO3)2.4H2O
= 236.16
= 16.97%
= 11.86%
Potassium Nitrate:
Formula
Molecular Weight
Potassium content
Nitrogen content
KNO3
= 101.11
= 38.6%
= 13.85%
Magnesium Sulphate:
Also known as Epsom's Salts.
Formula
Molecular Weight
Magnesium content
Sulphur content
MgSO4.7H2O
= 246.48
= 9.86%
= 13.0%
Potassium Sulphate:
Also known as Sulphate of Potash.
Formula
Molecular Weight
Potassium content
Sulphur content
K2SO4
= 174.26
= 44.87%
= 18.4%
Urea:
Formula
Molecular Weight
Nitrogen content
CO(NH2)2
= 60.06
= 46.65%
Ammonium Sulphate:
Also known as Sulphate of Ammonia.
Formula
Molecular Weight
Nitrogen content
Sulphur content
(NH4)2SO4
= 132.14
= 21.20%
= 24.26%
Now to calculate the fertilizer active materials to make up 160 Litres of nutrient solution for the reservoir tank.
Solution #1.
Solution #1 contains 1000 g of Magnesium Sulphate made up to 4.0 Litres, and we use 1.0 mL/Litre, so use 160 mL in nutrient tank.
Now, 160 mL = 4.0% of 4.0 Litres.
Therefore solid Magnesium Sulphate = 4.0% 0f 1000 g = 40 g.
Therefore Magnesium = 9.86% of 40 g = 3.94 g,
and Sulphur = 13.0% of 40 g = 5.2 g.
Solution #2.
Solution #2 contains no active fertilizer material, but contains soluble Iron (a trace element).
Solution #3.
Solution #3 contains 400 g MAP made up to 4.0 Litres, and we use 2.0 mL/Litre, so use 320 mL in nutrient tank.
Now, 320 mL = 8.0% of 4.0 Litres.
Therefore solid MAP = 8.0% of 400 g = 32 g.
Therefore Phosphorus = 26.92% of 32 g = 8.61 g,
and Nitrogen = 12.17% of 32 g = 3.89 g.
Solution #4.
Solution #4 contains 1000 g of Calcium Nitrate made up to 4.0 Litres, and we use 4.0 mL/Litre, so use 640 mL in nutrient tank.
Now, 640 mL = 16.0% of 4.0 Litres.
Therefore solid Calcium Nitrate = 16.0% of 1000 g = 160 g.
Therefore Calcium = 16.97% of 160 g = 27.15 g,
and Nitrogen = 11.86% of 160 g = 18.97 g.
Solution #5.
Solution #5 contains 400 g of Potassium Nitrate made up to 4.0 Litres, and we use 6.0 mL/Litre, so use 960 mL in nutrient tank.
Now, 960 ml = 24.0% of 4.0 Litres.
Therefore solid Potassium Nitrate = 24.0% of 400 g = 96 g.
Therefore Potassium = 38.6% of 96.0 g = 37.0 g,
and Nitrogen = 13.85% of 96.0 g = 13.3 g.
Adding all of the active materials from the calculations above and tabulating them to show the amount present in 160 Litres of nutrient solution, the respective concentrations in milligrams per Litre and the recommended limits in milligrams per Litre, shown in brackets, we have:
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Potassium
Magnesium
Calcium
Sulphur
= 36.2 g
= 8.6 g
= 37.0 g
= 3.9 g
= 27.2 g
= 5.2 g
= 226.0 mg/L
= 53.8 mg/L
= 231.2 mg/L
= 24.6 mg/L
= 169.6 mg/L
= 32.5 mg/L
= (140 - 300)
= (31 - 80)
= (160 - 300)
= (24 - 75)
= (100 - 400)
= (32 - 400)
The analysis above clearly shows that Magnesium and Sulphur are just above their lower recommended limits, so if you were re-designing this formula, it would be feasible to increase the Magnesium Sulphate (Epsom's Salts) content.
If you need clarification on any points, please feel free to E-mail me.
Home
*
*
A. Macroelements
Crop
Compounds
g/100 liters
(26 US gal.)
Elements
Provided
(ppm)
Tomatoes
(Seedlings to first fruit set-about 40 days)
Part A.
Calcium Nitrate
58
Ca - 140
N - 98
Part B.
Potassium Nitrate
14
N - 20
K - 56
Magnesium Sulfate
31
Mg - 30
S - 40
Monopotassium Phosphate
25
P - 55
K - 70
Potassium Sulfate
39
K - 174
S - 72
Tomatoes
(41 days to maturity)
Part A.
Calcium Nitrate
82
Ca - 200
Part B.
N - 140
Magnesium Sulfate
46
Mg. - 45
S - 60
Monopotassium Phosphate
30
P - 65
K - 83
Potassium Sulfate
71
K - 317
S - 131
*
*
B. Microelements
g/100 liters
(26 US gal.)
Elements
Provided
(ppm)
Boric Acid
0.17
B - 0.3
Manganese Sulfate
0.32
Mn - 0.8
Copper Sulfate
0.028
Cu-0.07
Zinc Sulfate
0.045
Zn- 0.10
Sodium Molybdate
0.013
Mo-0.03
Iron Chelate(10% iron)
3.0
Fe - 3.0
Mixing the Nutrient Solution
Prepare the nutrient solution in the following sequence of steps, observing all precautions suggested by manufacturers of the various products.
1.Fill the nutrient solution tank with water to about one third full.
2.Dissolve each fertilizer salt separately in a container of hot water.
3.Add potassium nitrate and potassium sulfate first to the nutrient solution tank.
4.Fill the solution tank to three-quarters full with water.
5.Next, add magnesium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate.
6.While slowly adding calcium nitrate, stir well.
7.Add all the micronutrients except iron chelate.
8.Test and adjust the pH to 5.8-6.4.
9.Add the iron chelate and top-up the tank to final volume."
Last edited:
elito
Member
for veg. i got these whats the best way to mix them
http://www.horticentre.co.nz/file/WUXAL-Super-HC-.pdf
http://www.horticentre.co.nz/file/WUXAL-Calcium-HC-.pdf
http://www.horticentre.co.nz/file/WUXAL-Magnesium-HC-.pdf
after some of my plants got deficient i mixed the first two super and calcium 50/50 and adjusted the ph with sulfuric acid,is this good enough as i did it or is there a better way to mix them to get the best formulation for my plants,any advice as whats the best way i can mix these to get the desired formula
http://www.horticentre.co.nz/file/WUXAL-Super-HC-.pdf
http://www.horticentre.co.nz/file/WUXAL-Calcium-HC-.pdf
http://www.horticentre.co.nz/file/WUXAL-Magnesium-HC-.pdf
after some of my plants got deficient i mixed the first two super and calcium 50/50 and adjusted the ph with sulfuric acid,is this good enough as i did it or is there a better way to mix them to get the best formulation for my plants,any advice as whats the best way i can mix these to get the desired formula
