Que and smokin erb pretty much summed it up.
If the basement is climate controlled there is really not much
floor insulation necessary for a concrete floor. If it is not, then you are probably looking at a whole new gorilla that should be dealt with
while building a "dedicated" grow room if you know what I mean?
Basement floors are 6 ft or so underground. Unless you are dealing
with perma frost in alaska... ?? ( just an example) It should be no big deal if your growroom is at ambient temps.
building on actual permafrost is an entirely different beast.
its a very complicated area.. and one im only vaguely familiar with, but from what i understand, the ground is so unstable that you either need skin friction piers deep enough to find stable frozen strata, or you need to build on an adjustable surface foundation.
putting an uninsulated slab ontop of permafrost would be like placing a hot plate... upside down, onto frozen mud lol... if you can imagine that one.
the surface of a permafrost, depending on the soil type, tends to heave up and down with the changes of the season so they build these sets of 3d space frames under structures... they elevate the structure, thermally breaking it from the ground, as well as allow for access to jacking points to re level the structure.
foundations are interesting.