Temperature is another important factor which influences root growth, as well as the absorbtion of water and essential ions. The optimum root temperature will vary some with plant species, but in general, root temperature below 68 degrees (20c) begin to bring about changes in root growth and behavior. Below optimum temperatures reduce growth and branching and lead to coarser looking root systems. Absorbtion of both water and ions is also slowed as the permeability of cell membranes and root kinetics are reduced. Translocation in and out of the root is equally slowed...When root temperatures are low, plants will wilt on high atmospheric demand days, and elemental deficiencies will appear. Ion absorption of the elements phosphorus, iron, and manganese seems to be more affected by low temperature...