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pipeline

pipeline

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An excerpt from wikepedia about Serrinade biofungicide made by Argaquest. Bacillus subtilis is the bacterial biofungicide active ingredient.

"B. subtilis is not considered a human pathogen; however it may contaminate food but rarely causes food poisoning.[3]

Its spores can survive the extreme heating that is often used to cook food, and it is responsible for causing ropiness in spoiled bread.

Nevertheless, a strain of B. subtilis formerly known as Bacillus natto is used in the commercial production of the Japanese delicacy natto as well as the similar Korean food cheonggukjang. Other strains of B. subtilis also have commercial applications. For instance, B. subtilis strain QST 713 (marketed as QST 713 or Serenade™) has a natural fungicidal activity, and is employed as a biological control agent.[4],[5]"


I would caution people about using this toward end of flower. You could eat spores and be fine, you can eat many things, but I'm not sure if its a good idea to have alive spores being drawn into your lungs every time you smoke your flowers. Early to mid bloom season applications are likely fine, and the spores would dissipate with time and weather.

I'm not sure of the effects of inhaling these spores, but i don't want to find out.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_subtilis
 
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pipeline

pipeline

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Hmmmmm, works alright for me. Try going to the homepage, ending with .com.

Thanx, thats one of my favoreite shots. My little April buddy. Those plants didn't end up getting enough sunlight and got grown over by thorns.
 
pipeline

pipeline

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If serrinade is not washed off by rain before harvest, spores will line your repratory tract upon each draw of the pipe....Be careful....

Spores of Bacillus subtilis var niger were deposited in the lungs, tracheae and nasal cavities of four calves by aerosol inhalation and in three calves by intranasal instillation. From each calf 20 specimens of lung tissue, each weighing one gm, three of trachea and three of nasal mucosa were examined for spore content. The average numbers of spores per gm of lung tissue from animals exposed to aerosols were 3.05 and 4.84, 2.35 and 2.02 x 104. Lungs from animals exposed intranasally contained only 747, 62 and 1424 spores per gm of tissue respectively. Animals exposed intranasally had a hundred to a thousand fold more spores on nasal mucosa than animals exposed by aerosol and the latter had a thousand fold more spores on tracheal mucosa than calves exposed intranasally. Aerosol inhalation exposed the lung and trachea more densely and uniformly than did intranasal instillation.

http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1319865
 
pipeline

pipeline

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Especially for any Medical Cannabis users who are immunocompromised, this could potentially be quite damaging.

The gram-positive soil microorganism Bacillus subtilis has
been studied extensively, primarily as a model with which to
study cell differentiation and for exploitation in the biotechnology
industry. While some Bacillus species are pathogenic
(e.g., B. anthracis and some B. cereus strains), B. subtilis has,
at most, been associated with opportunistic infections of
immunocompromised patients (6, 11, 17). For these reasons, it
has received relatively little clinical interest.

http://aem.asm.org/cgi/content/full/67/9/3819
 
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pipeline

pipeline

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Our results have shown that spores do not appear to disseminate
across the mucosal surfaces. However, we found that the number of spores excreted in the feces of mice was,
in some experiments, larger than the original inoculum. This was an intriguing result and might be explained
by germination of a proportion of the spore inoculum in the intestinal tract, followed by limited rounds of cell
growth and then sporulation again. This result raises the interesting question of whether it is the spore or the
germinated spore that contributes to the probiotic effect of bacterial spores.
 
pipeline

pipeline

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Fate of spores in mice inoculated orally......Our results from dosing of outbred mice (Table 1) showed
that B. subtilis viable units were first detectable 3 h after inoculation;
the majority of counts occurred within the first 24 h,
although B. subtilis was still detectable in the 4-day (96-h)
samples.
These results revealed two apparent paradoxes. First, the
count for spores and vegetative cells was almost always lower
than the count for spores alone. Since heat-treated and untreated
feces were always prepared at the same time, this result
was intriguing.

This phenomenon has been observed previously
(10), and it has been postulated that the heat treatment used to
process spores actually “activates” the spores and so enhances
their germination and outgrowth.

Thats the END of my use of serrinade in cannabis right there!
 
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R

Relik

Nice thread, pipeline! If you're growing organic, you might want to check this thread. It had been posted on Overgrow about a year ago, I don't know if you had already read that but I thought it could be useful for lots of people. It is for me, as I make my own compost.

NPK values

I might post more stuff if people find this helpful. Happy gardening everyone, organic is the way to go!

Peace
 
pipeline

pipeline

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http://www.wormdigest.org/content/view/311/2/
----------------------

"CAUTIONS AND POSSIBLE PROBLEMS

There may be potential human or environmental hazards from vermicompost teas, particularly those prepared from animal wastes, due to the human pathogens such as coliform bacteria, Salmonella, human enteric viruses, and helminth ova that they could contain. This hazard could be multiplied if carbon substrates such as molasses or sugars were added during their preparation. Such teas applied to soils as plant growth stimulants or to suppress root dis eases would probably present few human hazards, but they certainly would if used as foliar sprays on edible crops. As such, this should be avoided at all costs, as has been recommended by the Compost Tea Task Force Report to the National Organic Standards Board."
-------------------------------------------------

http://www.txplant-soillab.com/page28.htm
http://www.txplant-soillab.com/page29.htm

"Sugars relating to plant functions for Maximum Economic Production




ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS that affect when and how much sugar to use:
a. How much nitrate is in the soil, and plant sap (petiole test).
b. Soil moisture conditions. e. Wind
c. Sunlight intensity. f. Fruiting stage / load
d. Temperature. g. Growth / vigor [shade lower leaves]
The right amount at the right time can improve fruiting and produce normal plant growth with less attraction for disease and insects.
Needed for healthy plants - fruit production - plant development & maturity.

Roots take nutrients from the soil and transport them up the stalk thru the petiole (stem) to the leaves where the sunlight aids the production of photosynthates (sugars are not the ONLY product of photosynthesis) carbohydrates (C, H & O), principally glucose (C6H12O6) and then other sugars and photosynthates are formed.
Plant Sugars and other photosynthates are first translocated (boron is essential to the translocation) to a fruiting site. If fruit is not available, the sugars, along with excess nitrates, spur the rapid vegetative growth of the plant at the expense of creating fruiting bodies (first sink) for the storage of the sugars. Once the proper balance of environmental factors (heat units, light intensity, soil moisture, nutrient balance, etc) are met the fruiting buds form and then fruit formation gets the first crack at the sugar supply.
Any excess sugars are then translocated to the number two sink, (growing
terminals,) to speed their growth. The left-over sugars, etc then go to the
number 3 sink, (the roots,) to aid their growth. Here the new root hairs take up
nutrients to help continue the cycle of sugar and other photosynthate
production, fruiting, growth of terminals and roots.

ADDED SUGARS CAN AID THE PLANT IN SEVERAL WAYS:
- MOLASSES is probably the best outside source of many sugars, such as table
sugar, corn syrup and several more complex sugars such as polysaccharides
found in humus products.
- Sugar can be added to the soil in irrigation water, drip & pivot being the most
effective.
* In the soil it can:
- Feed microbes to stimulate the conversion of nitrates to the
more efficient NH2 form of N to synthesize protein more directly by the
plants.
- The roots can directly absorb some of the sugars into the sap stream to
supplement the leaf supply to fruit where it is most needed, and ALSO
directly feed the roots for continued productive growth.
- This ADDED sugar can also help initiate fruiting buds in a steady-slow
fashion while maintaining normal growth.
-EXCESSIVE amounts of ADDED SUGARS applied foliarly can shock the
plant resulting in shortened growth internodes, increased leaf maturity &
initiation of excess fruiting sites. This can be a short term effect lasting only
a few days. Pollination, soil moisture, nutrient balance and sufficiency as
well as adequate light for photosynthate production decide how much of
the induced fruit can mature."
--------------

"Sugars relating to plant functions for Maximum Economic Production




* ADDED SUGARS can be beneficial when:
# Nitrates are excessively high in the soil and plants
- SOIL - The NO3 form of N must be converted to the NH2 form for the
development of protein N for the plant to properly assimilate. The conversion
requires energy so the plant's supply natural of carbohydrates (sugars) is
utilized at the expense of better fruit development. Adding extra sugars to the
soil supplies energy for the soil microbes to convert the nitrate so that the
naturally produced sugars in the leaves do not have to be wasted supplying
energy for the photosynthesis processes in the leaves, but then can directly
support producing fruit.
- Also, roots can utilize the extra sugars for their normal growth and plant
functions, especially when the leaves are not producing adequate sugars for
fruit, root and shoot growth, which causes plant cut-out.
- Sugars can be added to the soil in water and fertilizers.

- PLANT - Sugars applied foliarly to the plant are utilized much faster than soil
applied, and there can be a shock effect if overdosing occurs. Sugars can be
directly assimilated into the photosynthesis process occurring in the leaf,
speeding maturity and producing more natural sugars. This reaction occurs
within hours of application and fades in a 5-10 day window. It supplements
the Naturally produced sugars and excess is transported to the fruit
producing areas to initiate fruiting buds or supply fruit development: excess
then goes to the growth terminals to sustain new growth and future fruiting
sites: the remaining sugars go to the roots to sustain their new growth. (Young
root hairs take up most of the phosphate which show up in the sap with the
petiole phosphate tests thus predicting plant cut-out).

# Cloudy days and low sunlight intensity - reduces natural sugar production causing
less fruit set or sloughing young fruit, longer space between nodes and fewer
fruiting buds.

# Source of energy food for beneficial soil microbes. Microbes existing on soil
organic matter can multiply faster when there is an abundant energy supply.
Sugars supply energy for rapid microbial decomposition of raw organic matter
and thereby release plant nutrients, and conversion of nitrates to the organic
form amine nitrogen (NH2) that can be directly and efficiently assimilated.

# Prevent leaf burn from repeated foliar sprays - Carbon (carbohydrates) buffers the
caustic effect of many chemical nutrients and pesticides. Sugars, humus
compounds, Urea and other carbon-containing compounds can protect leaf
surfaces from damage and increase efficacy; must use proper amounts!

* This is an oversimplification of very complex biological plant functions based on many published articles and on many trial & error crop-log petiole programs on hundreds of fields across thousands of acres."
 
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