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Mercury in Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs)

CFL or Compact Fluorescent Lamps are the small self contained fluorescent bulbs that are commonly used as replacements for normal incandescent bulbs in homes. We are also aware that a small but significant number of growers also have adapted these kind of bulbs for vegging and micro-grows.

We're not here to be critical of anyone's choice of light source, instead we are simply here to provide information for individuals who wish to make informed choice about their light sources. There are a number of forums where this posting might be appropiate, we chose the organic forum. not only because we moderate this forum and look at it frequently, but also because organic growers commonly care about the total impact of their growing style, and we felt it might be appreciated best at this venue.

here's a little blurb defining CFL from the Wednesday, April 04, 2007 Pittsburgh Post-Gazette - http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/07094/774839-51.stm

"The regular incandescent bulb contains a tungsten filament that glows as electrical current passes through it, but uses only about 5 percent of the energy produced to create that light -- the rest is cast off into heat.

A compact fluorescent light, or CFL, works this way: There's a part of the bulb that creates and stabilizes an electric current, called a ballast, which runs between filaments at both ends of a glass tube filled with gases and a bit of mercury. The electrified gases emit ultraviolet radiation, which hits a phosphorous coating inside the glass, making the phosphors glow."

In that little statement, the entire "paradox" of using CFL bulbs can be seen. CFL's are a farily efficient light source, they are commonly available from a wide variety of sources, and are not specific to indoor gardeners so there's little risk involved with sourcing replacement bulbs. But they do contain mercury.
 
here's a bit more information on CFL's and Mercury, this time courtesy of the U.S. EPA - http://www.nema.org/lamprecycle/epafactsheet-cfl.pdf


What are the Health Risks of Mercury and How do CFLs Fit In?

Mercury is an essential ingredient for most energy -
efficient lamps. The amount of mercury in a CFL’s
glass tubing is small, about 4mg. However, every
product containing mercury should be handled with
care. Exposure to mercury, a toxic metal, can affect
our brain, spinal cord, kidneys and liver, causing
symptoms such as trembling hands, memory loss,
and difficulty moving.

As energy -efficient lighting becomes more popular, it
is important that we dispose of the products safely
and responsibly. Mercury is released into our
environment when products with mercury are broken,
disposed of improperly, or incinerated. If you break a
CFL, clean it up safely. And always dispose of it
properly to keep CFLs working for the environment.
 
CFL's certainly are a responsible choice for home lighting because CFLs are responsible for less mercury than Incandescent Light Bulbs - more info from http://www.nema.org/lamprecycle/epafactsheet-cfl.pdf

Ironically, CFLs present an opportunity to prevent mercury
from entering our air, where it most affects our health. The
highest source of mercury in our air comes from burning
fossil fuels such as coal, the most common fuel used in the
U.S. to produce electricity. A CFL uses 75% less energy
than an incandescent light bulb and lasts at least 6 times
longer. A power plant will emit 10mg of mercury to produce
the electricity to run an incandescent bulb compared to only
2.4mg of mercury to run a CFL for the same time.
 

Grat3fulh3ad

The Voice of Reason
Veteran
All flourescent bulbs contain a bit of mercury... That's how flourescent bulbs work... The Electric field Excites the molecules of mercury, causing them to bounce off of the phosphor coated sides of the tube... which in turn causes the phosphors to fluoresce, hence the name fluorescent...
 
And there are ways to ensure that the use of CFL's at least minimizes exposure to mercury by following the following suggestions - again sourced from http://www.nema.org/lamprecycle/epafactsheet-cfl.pdf

Always Dispose of Your CFL Properly

While CFLs for your home are not legally considered hazardous waste
according to federal solid waste rules, it is still best for the environment to
dispose of your CFL properly upon burnout. Only large commercial users of
tubular fluorescent lamps are required to recycle. If recycling is not an
option in your area (see below on how to find out), place the CFL in a
sealed plastic bag and dispose the same way you would batteries, oil-based
paint and motor oil at your local Household Hazardous Waste (HHW)
Collection Site. If your local HHW Collection Site cannot accept CFLs
(check Earth911.org to find out), seal the CFL in a plastic bag and place
with your regular trash.

Safe cleanup precautions: If a CFL breaks in your home, open nearby windows to disperse any vapor that may
escape, carefully sweep up the fragments (do not use your hands) and wipe the area with a disposable paper towel to
remove all glass fragments. Do not use a vacuum. Place all fragments in a sealed plastic bag and follow disposal
instructions above.
 

Grat3fulh3ad

The Voice of Reason
Veteran
The main message here should simply be... "Do not purposefully break cfl bulbs"
 
Last edited:
Grat3fulh3ad said:
All flourescent bulbs contain a bit of mercury... That's how flourescent bulbs work... The Electric field Excites the molecules of mercury, causing them to bounce off of the phosphor coated sides of the tube... which in turn causes the phosphors to fluoresce, hence the name fluorescent...

correct . . .

it also should be pointed out that relative levels of mercury do vary from light bulb to light bulb . . . and as we've posted . . . there are ways to mitigate any potential personal exposure by correctly disposing of bulbs . . .
 
Grat3fulh3ad said:
The main message here should simply be... "Do not purposefully break cfl bulbs"

that's a good message for sure . . .

but we really wanted (hoped) to carry this discussion to another level beyond that . . . explaining the why's and hows behind that advice . . .
 

Grat3fulh3ad

The Voice of Reason
Veteran
Of course... That's why I said the main message... not the only message....
Like you posted earlier... CFL's are much better for the environment than running incandescents in your home... and as long as they are properly disposed of, present little chance of doing any harm...

It is very good to remind people the dangers of fluorescent tubes... I remember watching some movie, where they were 'lightsaber fighting' with used tubes... I was cringing watching the clouds of phosphorous and mercury vapor they were playng in...

I have never really looked for them, but are there any warnings on the packaging?
 
as we've already pointed out . . . large commercial users of standard tubular fluorescent lamps are required to recycle their bulbs in some venues . . . yet home growers often aren't aware of the mercury dangers inherent in any kind of fluorescent light bulbs . . .

and while we are often taught as children not to break the long tubular style of fluorescent lights . . . we are not so sure that similar warnings are commonly being given about CFL's . . . so we wanted to provide some information here for those who are interested . . .

in the end . . . many organic style growers weigh the total "earth impact" of all their gardening choices . . . so considering the amount of mercury used in their lightbulbs isn't "out of charachter" for organic gardeners . . .

we're just trying to equip them with a bit more knowledge on the topic . . .

http://www.p2pays.org/mercury/lights.asp is a GREAT link to provide even more details on this issue . . .
 
Grat3fulh3ad said:
I have never really looked for them, but are there any warnings on the packaging?

not on any we've seen recently . . . maybe we just didn't look hard enough . . . not 100% positive . . .

but perhaps with more awareness that will change so that people very clearly will be warned about the inherent dangers of broken fluorescent lights of all kinds . . . :)
 

Grat3fulh3ad

The Voice of Reason
Veteran
I agree, and when I use the term fluorescent tubes, I'm including any fluorescent tube... Long ones, Short ones, Spirals, U-tubes, and circular ones...

I'm not trying to argue any point here... just add to the discussion...
Proper handling and disposal(including recycling, which anyone who considers their total impact on the environment should already be doing with ALL recyclables) make CFL's an extremely safe and environmentally responsible choice for home lighting and for grow lighting...

IMHO anything we learn is beneficial to us, and I would not take away from anything you've posted whatsoever... just had 2¢ to add, so I did...
 
Grat3fulh3ad said:
I agree, and when I use the term fluorescent tubes, I'm including any fluorescent tube... Long ones, Short ones, Spirals, U-tubes, and circular ones...

I'm not trying to argue any point here... just add to the discussion...
Proper handling and disposal(including recycling, which anyone who considers their total impact on the environment should already be doing with ALL recyclables) make CFL's an extremely safe and environmentally responsible choice for home lighting and for grow lighting...

IMHO anything we learn is beneficial to us, and I would not take away from anything you've posted whatsoever... just had 2¢ to add, so I did...

agreed!
 
G

Guest

This is a very good thread, friends. Maybe we should start doing marijuana growing research with LED's. But surely they must use gases at well(which are probably not healthy for us)?

Mercury is a neurotoxin(I believe) which is quite bad for your health. Just yesterday I broke a CFL bulb(my first). I knew not to breathe in the air at the moment and clean it up quickly....but after reading this thread the day after, I feel like I've just poisoned myself.


~Ninja~
 
~Ninja~ said:
This is a very good thread, friends. Maybe we should start doing marijuana growing research with LED's. But surely they must use gases at well(which are probably not healthy for us)?

Mercury is a neurotoxin(I believe) which is quite bad for your health. Just yesterday I broke a CFL bulb(my first). I knew not to breathe in the air at the moment and clean it up quickly....but after reading this thread the day after, I feel like I've just poisoned myself.


~Ninja~


hiya ~Ninja~!

you knew what to do when that bulb broke . . . that's the MOST important thing . . . the biggest motivation behind this thread was simply to raise awareness . . .

and we do know folks who are doing work with LED lights to grow cannabis . . . things are in developmental stages and we've been asked to help as beta testers . . . we're not positive that we'll have the time and space to do that now . . . but it is exciting . . .
 
What about HPS and MH's, they need to be recycled as well? Which bulbs have the least mercury contents and impacts? (aside from the sun) Is it unsafe to be near and breathing next to a just broken HPS or MH also?
 
The Slickster said:
What about HPS and MH's, they need to be recycled as well? Which bulbs have the least mercury contents and impacts? (aside from the sun) Is it unsafe to be near and breathing next to a just broken HPS or MH also?

we've been trying to research the various aspects of those question without any hugely great success . . . we haven't had the time to really dig deep . . . but a quick look see didn't show much . . .

we're to the point that our next step will probably be to write some bulb manufacturers to pose questions like that ourselves . . . unless some smart individual already knows the answers or can point us to them . . .
 

TGT

Tom 'Green' Thumb
Veteran
I know on the box that my Metal Halide came in stated that it contained mercury and to dispose of properly. That's all I know on the subject, but thought I should add my 2 cents worth.

Great thread! - I never knew there was mercury in flourecents, pretty silly eh? I am glad I know this now. Thanks!

TGT
 

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