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:::::::USA Set to Reschedule Cannabis::::::: HHS Releases Recommendation Documents:::::::

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Its crazy how the federal lawmakers are not going to allow the people to have the quality medicine they need. Home grow is the ONLY option other than small craft growers which may be priced out of the market to due over-regulation. .

We will have to see, but after thinking about it. I think the Feds will have their little Bull S**t Program through the FDA or whatever to allow it to be sold as a pharmaceutical in concentrate form. However the states will still be allowed to have their own adult-use regulations though a temporary law which is annually renewed which blocks funding for the justice department prosecuting state-legal cannabis activity.

Its going to continue to be different laws in different states in my opinion, which will continue to cause all the societal issues associated with prohibition.
 
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Yet Another Record Year.......

Marijuana Arrests For Year 2005 -- 786,545 Tops Record High... Pot Smokers Arrested In America At A Rate Of One Every 40 Seconds September 18, 2006 - Washington, DC, USA Washington, DC: Police arrested an estimated 786,545 persons for marijuana violations in 2005, according to the Federal...
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Colorado-POT PLAN WOULD STRAIN AUTHORITIES, FOES SAY

POT PLAN WOULD STRAIN AUTHORITIES, FOES SAY (Source:rocky mountain news) Regional News 21 Sep 2006 Colorado ------- Voter approval of a statewide ballot measure that would legalize possession of small amounts of marijuana would put further strains on federal law enforcement officials...
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pipeline said:
I can see the cannabis getting really good around here with a proper trading post to swap seeds. Thanks everyone for contributing to this great community of growers.

Respect for not moving over to other more popular social media platforms. ICMAG is one of the best though, because its not used to collect data and profile its users, and ICMAG is moderated by members of the forum, not censored by big brother the government or other high ranking political bad actors like other platforms.

Power to the people and freedom of speech wins. This forum will continue to be a great contribution to society to help teach people to be self-reliant and be able to grow their own medicine.

Also whenever the lies come out this forum has been a source of truthful information, which helps keeps society on the right track.

Thank you to everyone who contributes to this community. Lots of valuable information in the scientific community is emerging, and it has been valuable to be able to have a place to share and discuss scientific literature and news.

We Must Hang Together Or Surely We Shall Hang Separately"

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Benjamin Franklin Quotes, Founding Father, American Revolution

Quotes by Benjamin Franklin, a Founding Father and one of the most influential and famous figures in America during the American Revolution and the Early Republic.
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Benjamin Franklin — Famous Quotes​

Without Freedom of Thought, there can be no such Thing as Wisdom; and no such Thing as publick Liberty, without Freedom of Speech.

— Benjamin Franklin, from “Silence Dogood” letters, printed in the New England Courant, July 9, 1722.

If all printers were determined not to print anything till they were sure it would offend nobody, there would be very little printed.

— Benjamin Franklin, from “Apology for Printers,” 1731.

We must all hang together, or assuredly we shall all hang separately.

— Benjamin Franklin, while signing the Declaration of Independence, on July 4, 1776.

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armedoldhippy

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D. B. Doober said:
It's never going to happen I've been hanging out since Bill Clinton was President and promised legalize it that was like 40 years ago I just keeps going on campaign promise and then nothing screw the federal government
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24 states HAVE fully legalized cannabis, and 38 have legal medical cannabis. i swear, if i have to explain one more damn time that nobody gets everything they want all at once, i'm going to start shooting people...:cool:
 
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armedoldhippy said:
24 states HAVE fully legalized cannabis, and 38 have legal medical cannabis. i swear, if i have to explain one more damn time that nobody gets everything they want all at once, i'm going to start shooting people...:cool:
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Its going to remain federally only legal as a pharmaceutical it looks like, at least for now. The DEA will very likely not go beyond HHS and FDA recomendations to move to Schedule III. Look back to 2016 when the DEA did its last review for cannabis and determined it should REMAIN Schedule 1 in CSA.

But they will continue to look the other way for ALL the legalized states so long as the annually-renewed block continues against funding for justice department enforcement against state legal cannabis activity.

Its really a hairy situation. States like Indiana and others who are waiting for Federal legalization will be left in the dust because I feel like its likely never going to happen, at least in the immediate future.

But states who have waited could benefit if Federal enforcement ramps up which won't happen.

Its all good, Indiana and other states without legalization have Delta 8, and they just left that alone as far as state law goes. They can't prosecute for Delta 8 I feel or else the people would rise up. Especially with every state around Indiana with legal herbal cannabis.
 
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Multiple States Across The Country See Record-Breaking Marijuana Sales To Close Out 2023

More than a half dozen U.S. states where marijuana is legal notched record-breaking monthly sales in December, with many relatively new adult-use cannabis markets continuing to expand and American shoppers in general stepping up holiday spending. Most of the monthly sales records were seen in...
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Every time you decide to buy something, its like voting for it. The amount of revenue shows that the people are supportive of adult-use cannabis. Having all these states continuing to function allowing adult-use will display the power of the people.

There would be quite an uprising if the government ever decides to take away the right to use this medicine from citizens of legal states.

Its called God showing up and blessing it, we should give thanks! All the kind, dedicated souls who worked to get this done, as well as all the people who have been outspoken to educate others deserve recognition. People making purchases have cast their vote! Yes for cannabis! :smoke:
 
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The endocannabinoid-CB1 receptor system in pre- and postnatal life​

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Abstract​

Recent research suggests that the endogenous cannabinoids (“endocannabinoids”) and their cannabinoid receptors have a major influence during pre- and postnatal development. First, high levels of the endocannaboid anandamide and cannabinoid receptors are present in the preimplantation embryo and in the uterus, while a temporary reduction of anandamide levels is essential for embryonal implantation. In women accordingly, an inverse association has been reported between fatty acid amide hydrolase (the anandamide degrading enzyme) in human lymphocytes and miscarriage. Second, CB1 receptors display a transient presence in white matter areas of the pre- and postnatal nervous system, suggesting a role for CB1 receptors in brain development. Third, endocannabinoids have been detected in maternal milk and activation of CB1 receptors appears to be critical for milk sucking by newborn mice, apparently activating oral–motor musculature. Fourth, anandamide has neuroprotectant properties in the developing postnatal brain. Finally, prenatal exposure to the active constituent of marihuana (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol) or to anandamide affects prefrontal cortical functions, memory and motor and addictive behaviors, suggesting a role for the endocannabinoid CB1 receptor system in the brain structures which control these functions. Further observations suggest that children may be less prone to psychoactive side effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol or endocannabinoids than adults. The medical implications of these novel developments are far reaching and suggest a promising future for cannabinoids in pediatric medicine for conditions including “non-organic failure-to-thrive” and cystic fibrosis.

Introduction​

Cannabinoid CB1 receptors in the mature organism are widely and densely distributed in neural as well as non-neural tissue including brain, reproductive, immune, digestive systems as well as in peripheral neurons (Fride, 2002c, Maccarrone et al., 2002, Parolaro et al., 2002, Pertwee, 1997, Pinto et al., 2002). CB2 receptors are mainly found in non-neural tissue (Lutz, 2002, Pertwee, 1997) although their presence on peripheral nerves is possible (Ibrahim et al., 2003). In the developing organism, CB1 receptors have been investigated more thoroughly than that of CB2 receptors.
Endogenous ligands for the cannabinoid receptors, denoted as “endocannabinoids”, include thus far anandamide (arachidonyl ethanol amide (Devane et al., 1992)), 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG (Mechoulam et al., 1995)), noladin (arachidonyl glyceryl ether (Hanus et al., 2001)), the antagonist/partial agonist virodhamine (Porter et al., 2002) and NADA (N-arachidonoyl-dopamine (Walker et al., 2002)). This newly discovered physiological system will be denoted the ‘endocannabinoid CB receptor’ system.

Section snippets​

Cannabinoid (CB1 and CB2) receptors​

Cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptor mRNA has been detected as early as the pre-implantation period in the embryonal mouse (Paria and Dey, 2000) and has also been described around day 11 of gestation (Buckley et al., 1998). Postnatally, a gradual increase in CB1 receptor mRNA (McLaughlin and Abood, 1993) and in the density of CB1 receptors has been measured (Belue et al., 1995, Rodriguez de Fonseca et al., 1993) in whole brain.
Similar developmental patterns of CB1 receptors were found during human

The role of the endocannabinoid CB receptor system in gestation​

CB1 and CB2 receptors are already present in the pre-implantation mouse embryo (Paria and Dey, 2000), the CB1 receptor at higher concentrations than those in the brain (Yang et al., 1996). These observations led to the discovery that cannabinoids and endocannabinoids arrest the development of 2-cell embryos into blastocytes. Subsequent studies with CB1 and CB2 receptor antagonists indicated that the cannabinoid-induced embryonal growth arrest is mediated by CB1 and not by CB2 receptors (Paria

Role of cannabinoid receptors in neuronal development​

Studies on the expression and functionality of the human CB1 receptor in the developing brain have demonstrated that fetal brain CB1 receptors are functionally active not only in regions which contain cannabinoid CB1 receptors throughout life, such the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, but also in white matter such as the capsula interna and pyramidal tract and in proliferative zones such as the subventricular zone (Mato et al., 2003). These observations are consistent with investigations on the

Neuroprotection in the developing organism​

Similarly to the neuroprotective effects of the endocannabinoid CB1 receptor system in adults (Fride and Shohami, 2002), activation of CB1 receptors in postnatal rats (7 days old) with WIN55,212 prevented neuronal loss (in a model of acute asphyxia), both immediate and delayed cell death. However, only delayed neurotoxicity was inhibited by the CB1 receptor antagonist N-(piperidiny-1-yl)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (SR141716A) (Martinez-Orgado et

Prenatal manipulation of the endocannabinoid CB receptor system and the developing brain​

Since the 1960s, a multitude of studies have attempted to assess potential adverse effects of marihuana use during pregnancy, on the offspring. Although description of the teratogenicity of the cannabis plant and its major psychoactive constituent Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol is beyond the scope of this article, the outcome of such studies has implications for the importance of the endocannabinoid CB receptor system during development. Thus functions which are not affected by prenatal Δ9

Milk suckling and survival during the neonatal period​

The involvement of marihuana in feeding and appetite was demonstrated decades ago (Abel, 1971, Fride, 2002b); endocannabinoids appear to fulfill a similar role (Fride, 2002c, Williams and Kirkham, 1999). Endocannabinoids have been detected in bovine as well as human milk, 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) in at least 100- to 1000-fold higher concentrations than anandamide (Di Marzo et al., 1998, Fride et al., 2001).
Is it possible that the high levels of CB1 receptor mRNA and 2-AG which have been

Cannabinoids in pediatric medicine​

The gradual postnatal increase of anandamide and its CB1 receptors (see Pre- and postnatal development of the endocannabinoid CB receptor system) is accompanied by a gradual maturing response to the psychoactive potential of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and anandamide in postnatal mice between birth and weaning (Fride and Mechoulam, 1996b).
This observation has important implications for cannabinoid therapy in children, since psychoactive side effects may be expected to be minor when treated with

Conclusions​

The endocannabinoids and their receptors (CB1, CB2 and the putative CB3 receptor) (Breivogel et al., 2001, Fride et al., 2003b) fulfill a multitude of physiological functions, including immunological, neurological, psychiatric and cardiovascular. Our knowledge of the various roles of the endocannabinoid CB receptor system in developmental processes is still sketchy. However, from the knowledge accumulated until now, it appears that while the endocannabinoid CB receptor system contributes to


References (77)​

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Its interesting the states that are holding off on reforming cannabis laws, saying we need further research on the medical benefits and potential harms of cannabis. Isn't the experiment currently ongoing in all the 38 states that allow either medical or adult-use cannabis? There should be plenty of information, and all you need to do is look at the size of the market to see that Americans approve of cannabis as a medicine.

Adults should be able to make the choice to use cannabis for medicine or stress relief or whatever without a doctor's recommendation or license. If its in breast milk, it can't be that harmful.

This has gone on so long, and there no longer is any reason for cannabis to remain on any Drug Schedule on the Controlled Substances act.
 
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Congresswoman Tells DEA To ‘Reject Any Argument’ That Marijuana Rescheduling Would Violate International Treaties

A Democratic congresswoman is imploring the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) to “reject any argument” that rescheduling marijuana under federal law would constitute a violation of international treaty obligations. She is also asking the agency to reveal a list of any “outside partners” it...
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Congresswoman Tells DEA To ‘Reject Any Argument’ That Marijuana Rescheduling Would Violate International Treaties​

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February 26, 2024
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Kyle Jaeger

A Democratic congresswoman is imploring the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) to “reject any argument” that rescheduling marijuana under federal law would constitute a violation of international treaty obligations. She is also asking the agency to reveal a list of any “outside partners” it has met with to discuss the global implications of a potential cannabis reclassification.


As DEA works to complete its cannabis scheduling review, Rep. Sydney Kamlager-Dove (D-CA) sent a letter to Administrator Anne Milgram that zeroes in on the treaty discussion, where prohibitionists have insisted that the U.S. must adhere to decades-old global agreements on drug policy that experts have contested.


“I write to urge you to reject any argument in support of maintaining marijuana in Schedule I or Schedule II based on U.S. Treaty obligations,” Kamlager-Dove wrote, adding that the treaties “neither require the U.S. to keep marijuana in Schedule I or II nor do they preclude the DEA from accepting” the Schedule III rescheduling recommendation from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).



“Cannabis should be removed from the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) schedule entirely,” the congresswoman said in the letter, which was sent earlier this month but which her office announced in a press release on Monday. “However, I acknowledge that the rescheduling of cannabis is a historic first step to addressing the harms of the War on Drugs, which is why I want to ensure that U.S. Treaties are not considered as a potential reason against rescheduling or de-scheduling marijuana.”


“Rescheduling marijuana to Schedule III is a welcomed move towards mitigating the devastating impacts that marijuana’s place on the CSA has caused. As an advocate for the removal of marijuana from the CSA, I recognize that rescheduling serves as an initial stride toward achieving the ultimate goal of decriminalization. Therefore, at minimum, I ask that you follow HHS recommendations and reschedule marijuana to Schedule III and reject any argument in support of maintaining marijuana in Schedule I or Schedule II based on U.S. Treaty obligations.”



In 2016, DEA did deny an earlier marijuana rescheduling petition, noting that, “in view of United States obligations under international drug control treaties, marijuana cannot be placed in a schedule less restrictive than schedule II.”


Legal experts recently released an opinion that disputes that assessment. In fact, they argued that a move to Schedule III would better uphold the country’s broader obligations under international law to regulate cannabis in a way that protects public health and safety.


“As an advocate for the removal of marijuana from the CSA, I recognize that rescheduling serves as an initial stride toward achieving the ultimate goal of decriminalization,” the new letter from Kamlager-Dove says. “Therefore, at minimum, I ask that you follow HHS recommendations and reschedule marijuana to Schedule III and reject any argument in support of maintaining marijuana in Schedule I or Schedule II based on U.S. Treaty obligations.”



The congresswoman’s letter also included three questions that she’s asking DEA to answer “at their earliest convenience.”


  1. Is it the DEA’s position that applicable treaty obligations preclude the agency from adopting HHS’s recommendation to transfer marijuana to Schedule III?
  2. Who has attempted to influence the DEA’s views on applicable treaty obligations and the proposed reclassification of marijuana? Please provide a log of all meetings DEA staff have taken with outside partners on this matter.
  3. Has the DEA consulted with the U.S. Department of State or any expert agency outside of the U.S. Department of Justice regarding treaty obligations and the pending administrative process to reconsider marijuana’s Schedule I classification?


Among those who’ve raised concerns about treaty obligations blocking a move to Schedule III is Rep. Andy Harris (R-MD), who raised the issue in a letter sent to DEA Administrator Anne Milgram late last month, claiming that any reclassification that puts marijuana outside of Schedule I or Schedule II “would constitute a violation of the Single Convention,” referring to the 1961 United Nations (UN) Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs.


But as a coalition of 12 senators pointed out in a separate letter to Milgram a week earlier, the UN has since revised global cannabis scheduling policies and allowed other member states, such as Canada, to legalize and regulate marijuana without penalty. Those lawmakers urged DEA to legalize marijuana completely.



To that point, authors of the recent legal opinion organized by the Coalition for Cannabis Scheduling Reform (CCSR) have pointed to Canada and Uruguay in support of their reading that international drug treaties broadly support regulating drugs for safety, research and medical applications.


“Rescheduling Marijuana to Schedule III would better promote the Treaties’ general goal of prioritizing the health, safety, and welfare of humankind and their specific goal of advancing medical and scientific research of controlled substances,” the memo says. “Similar considerations led Uruguay and Canada to proceed with full adult-use legalization (a step far beyond HHS/FDA’s Schedule III recommendation). Neither country viewed their Treaty obligations as an obstacle to such a move, and neither has suffered repercussions from the international community as a result.”



DEA itself “has previously relied on this scheduling flexibility when it rescheduled Epidiolex, a Marijuana-based drug” that consists of purified CBD, it adds.


DEA recently asserted that the agency has “final authority” on the rescheduling decision, though officials so far have given no indication of the current status of their review, despite urging by lawmakers.


While many lawmakers have pushed DEA to accept the HHS recommendation by moving marijuana to Schedule III, Congressional Cannabis Caucus co-chair Rep. Barbara Lee (D-CA) told Marijuana Moment last week that she’s “opposed” to the modest reform, arguing that it could set the country back on the path to federal legalization “another 50 years.”



The Biden administration was also recently pressed to move marijuana to Schedule III by two coalitions representing military veterans and law enforcement—including a group that counts DEA’s Milgram among its members.


Rep. Earl Blumenauer (D-OR), the founding Cannabis Caucus co-chair, has also urged DEA to release more information about its own ongoing review, including what its “planned deadline” is for finishing and whether it will take into account the fact that many states have already legalized cannabis.


The correspondence came in response to a recent assertion from DEA that it has “final authority” on the rescheduling decision—which itself was a reply to a separate letter from Blumenauer and 30 other bipartisan lawmakers.



Meanwhile, HHS Secretary Xavier Becerra said last month that his agency has “communicated” its “position” on marijuana rescheduling to DEA and has continued to offer additional information to assist with the final determination.


Prior to HHS releasing a trove of documents concerning its cannabis recommendation, a coalition of 12 Democratic state attorneys general implored DEA to move forward with federal marijuana rescheduling, calling the policy change a “public safety imperative.”


In another letter in December, 29 former U.S. attorneys called on the Biden administration to leave cannabis in Schedule I.



Also that month, the governors of six U.S. states—Colorado, Illinois, New York, New Jersey, Maryland and Louisiana—sent a letter to Biden calling on the administration to reschedule marijuana by the end of last year.


Meanwhile, six former DEA heads and five former White House drug czars sent a letter to the attorney general and current DEA administrator voicing opposition to the top federal health agency’s recommendation to reschedule marijuana. They also made a questionable claim about the relationship between drug schedules and criminal penalties in a way that could exaggerate the potential impact of the incremental reform.


Signatories include DEA and Office of National Drug Control Policy heads under multiple administrations led by presidents of both major parties.



A coalition of 14 Republican congressional lawmakers, meanwhile, separately urged DEA to “reject” the top federal health agency’s recommendation to reschedule marijuana and instead keep it in the most restrictive category under the CSA.


A recent poll found that about one-third of marijuana consumers say they would go back to the illicit market if cannabis was rescheduled and only made legally available as an FDA-approved prescription drug.


Another recent survey found that President Joe Biden stands to make significant political gains if marijuana is rescheduled under his administrative directive. Of course, Biden doesn’t directly control the final outcome.


The president has routinely touted his 2022 scheduling directive, as well as a mass pardon he granted for people who’ve committed federal marijuana possession offenses. He followed up on that action in December with a renewed and expanded pardon proclamation. The Justice Department has already begun issuing certifications for people who applied under the second round.


Vice President Kamala Harris’s office has been reaching out to people who’ve received a cannabis pardon—seeking assurance that the Justice Department certification process is going smoothly and engaging in broader discussions about cannabis policy reform, according to a pardon recipient who was contacted.


Separately, FDA recently highlighted its scientific review into marijuana that led the agency to recommend rescheduling—a process that involved a comprehensive analysis of research, as well looking at hundreds of posts on social media platforms to see how consumers described cannabis’s therapeutic impact.



Read the congresswoman’s letter to DEA on marijuana scheduling and international treaties below:
 
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Startling how the system of government is working. The representative legislators are asking to give advice.. Should be the agency is the one advising the legislator who is holding hearings with public testimony from all stakeholders. What is this mess?

Glad we have people standing up for us, and I hope its enough. They sound powerless.

According to the Congressional Research Service, congress/ the legislature has the power to make laws before or after the DEA makes their review of HHS recommendations.

Call/ contact your representatives and tell them that. :smoke:
 
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The situation may be the consequence of years of political rivalry between lawmakers. They end up disagreeing on how things ought to be done and end up not getting things done that need taken care of.

Its partially a result, at least superficially, of Democrats generally wanting more layers when crafting policy to create it the best way they can.

Republicans have long bills too, but for the most part, their bills are simple and straight forward, with fewer layers.

So I see this as a source of the main issue creating the lack of accomplishment by federal lawmakers on cannabis reform.
 
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